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b3662cb30b
Removed MS Online PowerShell module dependency to retrieve per-user MFA and used Graph API instead.
408 lines
20 KiB
PowerShell
408 lines
20 KiB
PowerShell
<#
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=============================================================================================
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Name: Identify MFA Deployment Sources in Microsoft 365 Using PowerShell
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Version: 2.0
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website: o365reports.com
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Script Highlights:
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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1. The script identifies and exports MFA enforcement sources for all users.
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2. Helps you understand user MFA registration status (registered or not) to plan your MFA rollout campaigns efficiently.
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3. It specifically identifies MFA sources for external users as well.
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4. The script checks which Conditional Access policies demand MFA and tells you if users have registered for that MFA method as required by those policies.
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5. Automatically install the missing required module Microsoft Graph Beta with your confirmation.
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6. The script can be executed with an MFA-enabled account too.
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7. Exports report results as a CSV file.
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8. The script is scheduler-friendly, making it easy to automate.
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9. It supports certificate-based authentication (CBA) too.
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Change Log:
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~~~~~~~~~~
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V1.0 (Jul 03, 2024) - File created
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V1.1 (Nov 04, 2024) - Scope updation to resolve permission issue
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v2.0 (Jun 27, 2025) - Removed MSOnline PowerShell module to retrieve per-user MFA status and used Graph API.
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For detailed Script execution: : https://o365reports.com/2024/06/26/identity-mfa-deployment-source-in-microsoft-365-using-powershell/
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============================================================================================
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#>
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param
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(
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[string]$TenantId,
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[string]$AppId,
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[string]$CertificateThumbprint
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)
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$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
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# Check if Microsoft Graph Beta module is installed
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$MsGraphModule = Get-Module Microsoft.Graph.Beta -ListAvailable
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if($MsGraphModule -eq $null)
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{
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Write-host "Important: Microsoft Graph Beta module is unavailable. It is mandatory to have this module installed in the system to run the script successfully."
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$confirm = Read-Host Are you sure you want to install Microsoft Graph Beta module? [Y] Yes [N] No
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if($confirm -match "[yY]") {
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Write-host "Installing Microsoft Graph Beta module..."
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Install-Module Microsoft.Graph.Beta -Scope CurrentUser -AllowClobber
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Write-host "Microsoft Graph Beta module is installed in the machine successfully" -ForegroundColor Magenta
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}
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else {
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Write-host "Exiting. `nNote: Microsoft Graph Beta module must be available in your system to run the script" -ForegroundColor Red
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Exit
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}
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}
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function Process-ExternalUsers
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{
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param(
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[System.Object]$ExternalTenantUser,
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[hashtable] $UsersinTenant,
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[System.Array] $B2BGuest,
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[System.Array] $B2BMember,
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[System.Array] $LocalGuest,
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[System.Array] $B2BDirectConnect
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)
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$processedUsers = @()
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if ($ExternalTenantUser)
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{
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$Members = $ExternalTenantUser.ExternalTenants.AdditionalProperties.members
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if ($Members)
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{
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foreach ($Member in $Members)
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{
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if ($UsersinTenant.ContainsKey($Member))
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{
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$processedUsers += $ExternalTenantUser.GuestOrExternalUserTypes -split ',' | ForEach-Object {
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switch -Wildcard ($_)
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{
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'b2bCollaborationGuest' {
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$B2BGuest | Where-Object { $_ -in $UsersinTenant[$Member] }
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}
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'b2bCollaborationMember' {
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$B2BMember | Where-Object { $_ -in $UsersinTenant[$Member] }
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}
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'internalGuest' {
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$LocalGuest
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}
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'b2bDirectConnectUser' {
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$B2BDirectConnect | Select-Object -Unique | Where-Object { $_.Id -in $UsersinTenant[$Member] }
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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else
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{
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$processedUsers += $ExternalTenantUser.GuestOrExternalUserTypes -split ',' | ForEach-Object {
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switch -Wildcard ($_) {
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'b2bCollaborationGuest' {
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$B2BGuest
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}
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'b2bCollaborationMember' {
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$B2BMember
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}
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'internalGuest' {
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$LocalGuest
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}
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'b2bDirectConnectUser' {
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$B2BDirectConnect | Select-Object -Unique
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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return $processedUsers
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}
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#Function to get the members of the roles
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function Get-UserIdsByRole {
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param (
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[array]$Roles,
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[array]$DirectoryRole
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)
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$UserIds = @()
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foreach ($Role in $Roles) {
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$DirRole = $DirectoryRole | Where-Object { $_.RoleTemplateId -eq $Role }
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if ($DirRole) {
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$RoleMembers = Get-MgBetaDirectoryRoleMember -DirectoryRoleId $DirRole.Id
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if ($RoleMembers) {
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$UserIds += $RoleMembers.Id
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}
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}
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}
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return $UserIds
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}
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#Disconnect from the Microsoft Graph If already connected
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if (Get-MgContext) {
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Write-Host Disconnecting from the previous sesssion.... -ForegroundColor Yellow
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Disconnect-MgGraph | Out-Null
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}
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Write-Host "`nConnecting to Microsoft Graph..."
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if(($TenantId -ne "") -and ($ClientId -ne "") -and ($CertificateThumbprint -ne ""))
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{
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Connect-MgGraph -TenantId $TenantId -AppId $ClientId -CertificateThumbprint $CertificateThumbprint -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -ErrorVariable ConnectionError | Out-Null
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if($ConnectionError -ne $null) {
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Write-Host $ConnectionError -Foregroundcolor Red
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Exit
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}
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Write-Host "Connected to Microsoft Graph PowerShell using $((Get-MgContext).AppName) application."
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}
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else
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{
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Connect-MgGraph -Scopes 'User.Read.All','Policy.Read.all','Team.ReadBasic.All','Directory.Read.All','AuditLog.Read.All' -NoWelcome -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -Errorvariable ConnectionError | Out-Null
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if($ConnectionError -ne $null) {
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Write-Host "$ConnectionError" -Foregroundcolor Red
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Exit
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}
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Write-Host "Connected to Microsoft Graph PowerShell using account: $((Get-MgContext).Account)"
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}
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Write-Host "`nRetrieving Entra Users..."
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$MgUsers = Get-MgBetaUser -All | Sort-Object DisplayName
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#Check Security Default is enabled or not
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$SecurityDefault = (Get-MgBetaPolicyIdentitySecurityDefaultEnforcementPolicy).IsEnabled
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$DirectoryRole = Get-MgBetaDirectoryRole -All
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#Get the User Rgistration Details
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$UserAuthenticationDetail = Get-MgBetaReportAuthenticationMethodUserRegistrationDetail -All | Select-Object UserPrincipalName, MethodsRegistered, IsMFARegistered , Id
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$ProcessedUserCount =0
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#check for Security default if disabled start to process the Conditional access policies
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$PolicySetting = 'True'
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$TotalUser = $MgUsers.count
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if($SecurityDefault)
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{
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$PolicySetting = 'False'
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}
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else
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{
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#Initialize the array
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$IncludeId = @()
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$ExcludeId = @()
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$IncludeUsers = @()
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$ExcludeUsers = @()
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$Registered = @()
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$NotRegistered = @()
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$UsersInPolicy = @{}
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# Get conditional access policies that involve MFA and enabled
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$Policies = Get-MgBetaIdentityConditionalAccessPolicy -All | Where-Object { ($_.GrantControls.BuiltInControls -contains 'mfa' -or $_.GrantControls.AuthenticationStrength.RequirementsSatisfied -contains 'mfa') -and $_.State -contains 'enabled' }
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$Policy = $Policies | Where-Object { $_.displayname -eq 'Authentication' }
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$ProcessedPolicyCount = 0
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#Get the External users if it was specified in the policy
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if($Policies.Conditions.Users.IncludeGuestsOrExternalUsers -ne $null -or $Policies.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGuestsOrExternalUsers -ne $null)
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{
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$ExternalUsers = $MgUsers | where-object {$_.ExternalUserState -ne $null}
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$UsersinTenant = @{}
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foreach($GuestUser in $ExternalUsers)
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{
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try
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{
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if($GuestUser.othermails -ne $null)
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{
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$Parts = $GuestUser.othermails -split "@"
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$DomainName = $Parts[1]
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$Url = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$DomainName/.well-known/openid-configuration"
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$Response = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $Url -Method Get
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$Issuer = $Response.issuer
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$TenantId = [regex]::Match($Issuer, "[a-f0-9]{8}-([a-f0-9]{4}-){3}[a-f0-9]{12}").Value
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if (-not $UsersinTenant.ContainsKey($TenantId))
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{
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$UsersinTenant[$TenantId] = @($GuestUser.Id)
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}
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else
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{
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$UsersinTenant[$TenantId] += $GuestUser.Id
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}
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}
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}
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catch
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{
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Write-Host "External Domain Name $DomainName is Invalid" -ForegroundColor Red
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continue;
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}
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}
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$B2BGuest = $ExternalUsers | where-object {$_.UserType -eq 'Guest'}
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$B2BMember = $ExternalUsers | where-object {$_.UserType -ne 'Member'}
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$LocalGuest = $MgUsers | where-object { $_.ExternalUserState -eq $null -and $_.UserType -eq 'Guest'}
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#B2B Direct connect
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$Groups = Get-MgBetaTeam -All
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$B2BDirectConnect = @()
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ForEach($ExternalUser in $ExternalUsers)
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{
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$MemberOfs = Get-MgBetaUserMemberof -UserId $ExternalUser.Id | Where-Object {$_.Id -ne $null}
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ForEach($MemberOf in $MemberOfs)
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{
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if($Groups.Id -contains $MemberOf.Id)
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{
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$B2BDirectConnect += $ExternalUser.Id
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}
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}
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}
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}
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#Hash table ofthe Required Authentication Strength with respect to the Registered method
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$AllowedCombinations = @{
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"mobilephone" = @("sms","Password,sms")
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"alternateMobilePhone" = @("sms","Password,sms")
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"officePhone" = @("sms","Password,sms")
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"microsoftAuthenticatorPush" = @("microsoftAuthenticatorPush", "Password,microsoftAuthenticatorPush")
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"softwareOneTimePasscode" = @("Password,SoftwareOath")
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"MicrosoftAuthenticatorPzasswordless" = @("MicrosoftAuthenticator(PhoneSignIn)")
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"windowsHelloForBusiness" = @("windowsHelloForBusiness")
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"hardwareOneTimePasscode" = @("password,hardwareOath")
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"passKeyDeviceBound" = @("fido2")
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"passKeyDeviceBoundAuthenticator" = @("fido2")
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"passKeyDeviceBoundWindowsHello" = @("fido2")
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"fido2SecurityKey" = @("fido2")
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"temporaryAccessPass" = @("TemporaryAccessPassOneTime", "TemporaryAccessPassMultiuse")
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}
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# Loop through each policy
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foreach ( $Policy in $Policies)
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{
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$ProcessedPolicyCount++
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Write-Progress -Activity "`n Processed Policy count: $ProcessedPolicyCount `n" -Status "Currently processing Policy: $($Policy.DisplayName)"
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### Conditions ###
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$IncludeUsers = $null
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$ExcludeUsers = $null
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$Check = $true
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$CurrentPolicy = $false
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$IncludedExternalUser = $Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGuestsOrExternalUsers
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$ExcludedExternalUser = $Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGuestsOrExternalUsers
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$IncludeUsers = if($Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers -ne 'All')
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{
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$Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers
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}
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elseif($Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers -eq 'All')
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{
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$MgUsers.Id
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$Check = $false
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}
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if($Check)
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{
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$IncludeUsers += if($Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGroups){ $Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGroups | ForEach-Object { if ($Members = Get-MgBetaGroupMember -GroupId $_) { $Members.Id}if($Owner = Get-MgBetaGroupOwner -GroupId $_){$Owner.Id} } }
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$IncludeUsers += Get-UserIdsByRole -Roles $Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeRoles -DirectoryRole $DirectoryRole
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$IncludeUsers += Process-ExternalUsers -ExternalTenantUser $IncludedExternalUser -UsersinTenant $UsersinTenant -B2BGuest $B2BGuest.Id -B2BMember $B2BMember.Id -LocalGuest $LocalGuest.Id -B2BDirectConnect $B2BDirectConnect
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}
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$ExcludeUsers = if($Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeUsers){$Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeUsers}
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$ExcludeUsers += if($Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGroups){$Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGroups | ForEach-Object { if ($Members = Get-MgBetaGroupMember -GroupId $_) { $Members.Id} if($Owner = Get-MgBetaGroupOwner -GroupId $_){$Owner.Id}}}
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$ExcludeUsers += Get-UserIdsByRole -Roles $Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeRoles -DirectoryRole $DirectoryRole
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$ExcludeUsers += Process-ExternalUsers -ExternalTenantUser $ExcludedExternalUser -UsersinTenant $UsersinTenant -B2BGuest $B2BGuest.Id -B2BMember $B2BMember.Id -LocalGuest $LocalGuest.Id -B2BDirectConnect $B2BDirectConnect
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$ExcludeId += $ExcludeUsers
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$IncludeId += $IncludeUsers | Where-Object { $_ -notin $ExcludeUsers }
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$UsersInPolicy[$Policy.DisplayName] += $IncludeUsers | Where-Object { $_ -notin $ExcludeUsers }
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if ($Policy.GrantControls.AuthenticationStrength.RequirementsSatisfied -contains 'mfa')
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{
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$NotRegistered += $IncludeUsers| Where-Object { $_ -notin $ExcludeUsers }
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$CurrentPolicy = $true
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$Strength = $Policy.GrantControls.AuthenticationStrength.AllowedCombinations
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foreach ($IncludeUser in $IncludeUsers)
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{
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$UserAuthDetails = $UserAuthenticationDetail | Where-Object { $_.Id -eq $IncludeUser }
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$MethodsRegistered = if ($UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -ne $null) { $UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -split ',' } else {'None'}
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foreach ($Method in $MethodsRegistered)
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{
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if ($AllowedCombinations.ContainsKey($Method))
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{
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foreach($MFA in $AllowedCombinations[$Method])
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{
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if($Strength -contains $MFA)
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{
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# Check if the user is included in any other policies with MFA strength
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$Registered += $IncludeUser -join','
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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$Registered = $Registered | Select-Object -Unique
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if(!$CurrentPolicy)
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{
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$NotRegistered = $NotRegistered.GUID | Where-Object { $_ -notin $IncludeUsers.GUID }
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}
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$IncludedUsers = $IncludeId | Select-Object -Unique
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}
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}
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$ProcessedUserCount = 0
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$FilePath = ".\MFA_Deployment_Sources_Report_$((Get-Date -format 'yyyy-MMM-dd-ddd hh-mm tt').ToString()).csv"
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#Now starts the Process of Checking various conditions for the users
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foreach ($User in $MgUsers)
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{
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$name = @()
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$ProcessedUserCount++
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$percent = ($ProcessedUserCount/$TotalUser)*100
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Write-Progress -Activity "`n Processed user count: $ProcessedUserCount `n" -Status "Currently processing User: $($User.DisplayName)" -PercentComplete $percent
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$UserId = $User.Id
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$Peruser = (Invoke-MgGraphRequest -Method GET -Uri "/beta/users/$UserId/authentication/requirements").perUserMfaState
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# Get user authentication details
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$UserAuthDetails = $UserAuthenticationDetail | Where-Object { $_.UserPrincipalName -eq $User.UserPrincipalName }
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$MethodsRegistered = if ($UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -ne "") { $UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -join ',' } else { 'None' }
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$Name += foreach($Pol in $Policies.DisplayName){if($UsersInPolicy[$pol] -contains $user.Id){$Pol}}
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$PolicyName = $Name -join','
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$MFAEnforce = @{
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'User Display Name' = $User.DisplayName
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'User Principal Name' = $User.UserPrincipalName
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'MFA Enforced Via' = if($PerUser -eq 'Enforced' -and $PolicySetting -eq 'True' -and $IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){'Per User MFA , Conditional Access Policy'}
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elseif ( $PerUser -eq 'Enforced' -and $SecurityDefault -eq $true) { 'Per User MFA , Security Default' }
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elseif ($PerUser -eq 'Enforced') { 'Per User MFA' }
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elseif ($SecurityDefault -eq $true) { 'Security Default' }
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elseif ($PolicySetting -eq 'True' -and $IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){'Conditional Access Policy'}
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elseif ($User.AccountEnabled -eq $false) {'SignIn Blocked'}
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else {'Disabled'}
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'Is Registered MFA Supported in CA' = if($IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){if($UserAuthDetails.IsMFARegistered -contains 'True'){if($PolicySetting -eq 'True' -and $NotRegistered -notcontains $User.Id) {'True'}elseif($Registered -contains $User.Id){'True'}else{'False'}}else{'False'}}else{''}
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'CA MFA Status' = if($IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){'Enabled'}else{'Disabled'}
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'Assigned CA Policy' = if($IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){$PolicyName}else{''}
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'Per User MFA Status' = if ($PerUser) { $PerUser } else { 'Disabled' }
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'Security Default Status' = if ($SecurityDefault -eq $false){'Disabled'} else{'Enabled'}
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'MFA Registered' = $UserAuthDetails.IsMFARegistered -contains 'True'
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'Methods Registered' = if($MethodsRegistered){$MethodsRegistered}else{'None'}
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}
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$MFAEnforced = New-Object PSObject -Property $MFAEnforce
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try
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{
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$MFAEnforced | Select-Object 'User Display Name','User Principal Name','MFA Registered','Methods Registered','MFA Enforced Via','Per User MFA Status','Security Default Status','CA MFA Status','Assigned CA Policy','Is Registered MFA Supported in CA' | Export-Csv -Path $FilePath -NoTypeInformation -Append
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}
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catch
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{
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Write-Host "Error occurred While Exporting: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
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}
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}
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#Disconnect from the Microsoft Graph
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Disconnect-MgGraph | Out-Null
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#Open output file after execution
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if((Test-Path -Path $FilePath) -eq "True")
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{
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Write-Host `n~~ Script prepared by AdminDroid Community ~~`n -ForegroundColor Green
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Write-Host "~~ Check out " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "admindroid.com" -ForegroundColor Yellow -NoNewline; Write-Host " to get access to 1800+ Microsoft 365 reports. ~~" -ForegroundColor Green `n
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Write-Host "Exported report has $ProcessedUserCount user(s)"
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$Prompt = New-Object -ComObject wscript.shell
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$UserInput = $Prompt.popup("Do you want to open output file?",` 0,"Open Output File",4)
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if ($UserInput -eq 6)
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{
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Invoke-Item "$FilePath"
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}
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Write-Host `n"Detailed report available in: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
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Write-Host $FilePath
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}
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else
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{
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Write-Host "No user(s) found" -ForegroundColor Red
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} |