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Find how users get MFA, whether it's via per-user MFA, security default, or Conditional Access Policy
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AdminDroid
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<#
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=============================================================================================
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Name: Identify MFA Deployment Sources in Microsoft 365 Using PowerShell
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Version: 1.0
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website: o365reports.com
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Script Highlights:
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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1. The script identifies and exports MFA enforcement sources for all users.
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2. Helps you understand user MFA registration status (registered or not) to plan your MFA rollout campaigns efficiently.
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3. It specifically identifies MFA sources for external users as well.
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4. The script checks which Conditional Access policies demand MFA and tells you if users have registered for that MFA method as required by those policies.
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5. Automatically install the missing required modules (Microsoft Graph Beta, MSOnline) with your confirmation.
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6. The script can be executed with an MFA-enabled account too.
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7. Exports report results as a CSV file.
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8. The script is scheduler-friendly, making it easy to automate.
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9. It supports certificate-based authentication (CBA) too.
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For detailed Script execution: : https://o365reports.com/2024/06/26/identity-mfa-deployment-source-in-microsoft-365-using-powershell/
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============================================================================================
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#>
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param
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(
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[string]$TenantId,
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[string]$AppId,
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[string]$CertificateThumbprint,
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[string]$UserName,
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[string]$Password
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)
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$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
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#Check for Module Availability
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function Check-ModuleAvailability
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{
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param (
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[string]$ModuleName,
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[string]$ModuleDisplayName
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)
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$module = Get-Module $ModuleName -ListAvailable
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if ($module -eq $null)
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{
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Write-Host "Important: $ModuleDisplayName module is unavailable. It is mandatory to have this module installed in the system to run the script successfully."
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$confirm = Read-Host "Are you sure you want to install $ModuleDisplayName module? [Y] Yes [N] No"
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if ($confirm -match "[yY]")
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{
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Write-Host "Installing $ModuleDisplayName module..."
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Install-Module $ModuleName -Scope CurrentUser -AllowClobber
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Write-Host "$ModuleDisplayName module is installed in the machine successfully" -ForegroundColor Magenta
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}
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else
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{
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Write-Host "Exiting. `nNote: $ModuleDisplayName module must be available in your system to run the script" -ForegroundColor Red
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Exit
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}
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}
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}
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function Process-ExternalUsers
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{
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param(
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[System.Object]$ExternalTenantUser,
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[hashtable] $UsersinTenant,
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[System.Array] $B2BGuest,
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[System.Array] $B2BMember,
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[System.Array] $LocalGuest,
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[System.Array] $B2BDirectConnect
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)
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$processedUsers = @()
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if ($ExternalTenantUser)
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{
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$Members = $ExternalTenantUser.ExternalTenants.AdditionalProperties.members
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if ($Members)
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{
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foreach ($Member in $Members)
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{
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if ($UsersinTenant.ContainsKey($Member))
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{
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$processedUsers += $ExternalTenantUser.GuestOrExternalUserTypes -split ',' | ForEach-Object {
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switch -Wildcard ($_)
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{
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'b2bCollaborationGuest' {
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$B2BGuest | Where-Object { $_ -in $UsersinTenant[$Member] }
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}
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'b2bCollaborationMember' {
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$B2BMember | Where-Object { $_ -in $UsersinTenant[$Member] }
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}
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'internalGuest' {
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$LocalGuest
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}
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'b2bDirectConnectUser' {
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$B2BDirectConnect | Select-Object -Unique | Where-Object { $_.Id -in $UsersinTenant[$Member] }
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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else
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{
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$processedUsers += $ExternalTenantUser.GuestOrExternalUserTypes -split ',' | ForEach-Object {
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switch -Wildcard ($_) {
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'b2bCollaborationGuest' {
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$B2BGuest
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}
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'b2bCollaborationMember' {
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$B2BMember
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}
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'internalGuest' {
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$LocalGuest
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}
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'b2bDirectConnectUser' {
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$B2BDirectConnect | Select-Object -Unique
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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return $processedUsers
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}
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#Function to get the members of the roles
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function Get-UserIdsByRole {
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param (
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[array]$Roles,
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[array]$DirectoryRole
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)
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$UserIds = @()
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foreach ($Role in $Roles) {
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$DirRole = $DirectoryRole | Where-Object { $_.RoleTemplateId -eq $Role }
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if ($DirRole) {
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$RoleMembers = Get-MgBetaDirectoryRoleMember -DirectoryRoleId $DirRole.Id
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if ($RoleMembers) {
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$UserIds += $RoleMembers.Id
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}
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}
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}
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return $UserIds
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}
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# Check for Module Availabilit
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Check-ModuleAvailability -ModuleName "MsOnline" -ModuleDisplayName "MsOnline"
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Check-ModuleAvailability -ModuleName "Microsoft.Graph.Beta" -ModuleDisplayName "Microsoft Graph Beta"
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#Disconnect from the Microsoft Graph If already connected
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if (Get-MgContext) {
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Write-Host Disconnecting from the previous sesssion.... -ForegroundColor Yellow
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Disconnect-MgGraph | Out-Null
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}
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#Credentials check and Certificate check
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if(($UserName -ne "") -and ($Password -ne ""))
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{
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$SecuredPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText $Password -Force
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$Credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential $UserName,$SecuredPassword
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$CredentialPassed = $true
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}
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if((($AppId -ne "") -and ($CertificateThumbPrint -ne "")) -and ($TenantId -ne ""))
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{
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$CBA=$true
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}
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#version check
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# Connecting to Microsoft Graph
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Write-Host "Connecting to Microsoft Graph..."
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try
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{
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if($CBA -eq $true)
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{
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Connect-MgGraph -ApplicationId $AppId -TenantId $TenantId -CertificateThumbPrint $CertificateThumbprint
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Write-Host Connected to Microsoft Graph PowerShell using (Get-MgContext).AppName application -ForegroundColor Yellow
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}
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else
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{
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Connect-MgGraph -Scopes 'User.Read.All','Policy.Read.all','Policy.ReadWrite.SecurityDefaults','Team.ReadBasic.All','Directory.Read.All' -NoWelcome
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Write-Host Connected to Microsoft Graph PowerShell using (Get-MgContext).Account account -ForegroundColor Yellow
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}
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}
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catch [Exception]
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{
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Write-Host "Error: An error occurred while connecting to Microsoft Graph: $($_.Exception.Message)" -ForegroundColor Red
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Exit
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}
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#Connecting to Msonline
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Write-Host "Connecting to MSOnline......"
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try
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{
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if($CredentialPassed -eq $true)
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{
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Connect-MsolService -Credential $Credential
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}
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elseif($CBA -eq $true)
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{
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Write-Host "MSonline module doesn't support certificate based authentication. Please enter the credential in the prompt"
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Connect-MsolService
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}
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else
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{
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Connect-MsolService
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}
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Write-Host Connected to MSOnline -ForegroundColor Yellow
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}
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catch
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{
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Write-Host "Error: An error occurred while connecting to MsOnline: $($_.Exception.Message)" -ForegroundColor Red
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Exit
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}
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#Get Users From Msonline
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$Users = Get-MsolUser -All | Select-Object ObjectId , StrongAuthenticationRequirements
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$MgBetaUsers = Get-MgBetaUser -All | Sort-Object DisplayName
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#Check Security Default is enabled or not
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$SecurityDefault = (Get-MgBetaPolicyIdentitySecurityDefaultEnforcementPolicy).IsEnabled
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$DirectoryRole = Get-MgBetaDirectoryRole -All
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#Get the User Rgistration Details
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$UserAuthenticationDetail = Get-MgBetaReportAuthenticationMethodUserRegistrationDetail -All | Select-Object UserPrincipalName, MethodsRegistered, IsMFARegistered , Id
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$ProcessedUserCount =0
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#check for Security default if disabled start to process the Conditional access policies
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$PolicySetting = 'True'
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$TotalUser = $Users.count
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if($SecurityDefault)
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{
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$PolicySetting = 'False'
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}
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else
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{
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#Initialize the array
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$IncludeId = @()
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$ExcludeId = @()
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$IncludeUsers = @()
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$ExcludeUsers = @()
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$Registered = @()
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$NotRegistered = @()
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$UsersInPolicy = @{}
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# Get conditional access policies that involve MFA and enabled
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$Policies = Get-MgBetaIdentityConditionalAccessPolicy -All | Where-Object { ($_.GrantControls.BuiltInControls -contains 'mfa' -or $_.GrantControls.AuthenticationStrength.RequirementsSatisfied -contains 'mfa') -and $_.State -contains 'enabled' }
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$Policy = $Policies | Where-Object { $_.displayname -eq 'Authentication' }
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$ProcessedPolicyCount = 0
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#Get the External users if it was specified in the policy
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if($Policies.Conditions.Users.IncludeGuestsOrExternalUsers -ne $null -or $Policies.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGuestsOrExternalUsers -ne $null)
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{
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Write-Host "Getting Information about Exernal Users"
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$ExternalUsers = $MgBetaUsers | where-object {$_.ExternalUserState -ne $null}
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$UsersinTenant = @{}
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foreach($GuestUser in $ExternalUsers)
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{
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try
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{
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if($GuestUser.othermails -ne $null)
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{
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$Parts = $GuestUser.othermails -split "@"
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$DomainName = $Parts[1]
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$Url = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$DomainName/.well-known/openid-configuration"
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$Response = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $Url -Method Get
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$Issuer = $Response.issuer
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$TenantId = [regex]::Match($Issuer, "[a-f0-9]{8}-([a-f0-9]{4}-){3}[a-f0-9]{12}").Value
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if (-not $UsersinTenant.ContainsKey($TenantId))
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{
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$UsersinTenant[$TenantId] = @($GuestUser.Id)
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}
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else
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{
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$UsersinTenant[$TenantId] += $GuestUser.Id
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}
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}
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}
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catch
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{
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Write-Host "External Domain Name $DomainName is Invalid" -ForegroundColor Red
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continue;
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}
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}
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$B2BGuest = $ExternalUsers | where-object {$_.UserType -eq 'Guest'}
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$B2BMember = $ExternalUsers | where-object {$_.UserType -ne 'Member'}
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$LocalGuest = $MgBetaUsers | where-object { $_.ExternalUserState -eq $null -and $_.UserType -eq 'Guest'}
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#B2B Direct connect
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$Groups = Get-MgBetaTeam -All
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$B2BDirectConnect = @()
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ForEach($ExternalUser in $ExternalUsers)
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{
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$MemberOfs = Get-MgBetaUserMemberof -UserId $ExternalUser.Id | Where-Object {$_.Id -ne $null}
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ForEach($MemberOf in $MemberOfs)
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{
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if($Groups.Id -contains $MemberOf.Id)
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{
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$B2BDirectConnect += $ExternalUser.Id
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}
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}
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}
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}
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#Hash table ofthe Required Authentication Strength with respect to the Registered method
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$AllowedCombinations = @{
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"mobilephone" = @("sms","Password,sms")
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"alternateMobilePhone" = @("sms","Password,sms")
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"officePhone" = @("sms","Password,sms")
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"microsoftAuthenticatorPush" = @("microsoftAuthenticatorPush", "Password,microsoftAuthenticatorPush")
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"softwareOneTimePasscode" = @("Password,SoftwareOath")
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"MicrosoftAuthenticatorPzasswordless" = @("MicrosoftAuthenticator(PhoneSignIn)")
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"windowsHelloForBusiness" = @("windowsHelloForBusiness")
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"hardwareOneTimePasscode" = @("password,hardwareOath")
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"passKeyDeviceBound" = @("fido2")
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"passKeyDeviceBoundAuthenticator" = @("fido2")
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"passKeyDeviceBoundWindowsHello" = @("fido2")
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"fido2SecurityKey" = @("fido2")
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"temporaryAccessPass" = @("TemporaryAccessPassOneTime", "TemporaryAccessPassMultiuse")
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}
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Write-Host "Processing the policies..."
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# Loop through each policy
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foreach ( $Policy in $Policies)
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{
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$ProcessedPolicyCount++
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Write-Progress -Activity "`n Processed Policy count: $ProcessedPolicyCount `n" -Status "Currently processing Policy: $($Policy.DisplayName)"
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### Conditions ###
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$IncludeUsers = $null
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$ExcludeUsers = $null
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$Check = $true
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$CurrentPolicy = $false
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$IncludedExternalUser = $Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGuestsOrExternalUsers
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$ExcludedExternalUser = $Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGuestsOrExternalUsers
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$IncludeUsers = if($Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers -ne 'All')
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{
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$Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers
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}
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elseif($Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeUsers -eq 'All')
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{
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$MgBetaUsers.Id
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$Check = $false
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}
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if($Check)
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{
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$IncludeUsers += if($Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGroups){ $Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeGroups | ForEach-Object { if ($Members = Get-MgBetaGroupMember -GroupId $_) { $Members.Id}if($Owner = Get-MgBetaGroupOwner -GroupId $_){$Owner.Id} } }
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$IncludeUsers += Get-UserIdsByRole -Roles $Policy.Conditions.Users.IncludeRoles -DirectoryRole $DirectoryRole
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$IncludeUsers += Process-ExternalUsers -ExternalTenantUser $IncludedExternalUser -UsersinTenant $UsersinTenant -B2BGuest $B2BGuest.Id -B2BMember $B2BMember.Id -LocalGuest $LocalGuest.Id -B2BDirectConnect $B2BDirectConnect
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}
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$ExcludeUsers = if($Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeUsers){$Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeUsers}
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$ExcludeUsers += if($Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGroups){$Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeGroups | ForEach-Object { if ($Members = Get-MgBetaGroupMember -GroupId $_) { $Members.Id} if($Owner = Get-MgBetaGroupOwner -GroupId $_){$Owner.Id}}}
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$ExcludeUsers += Get-UserIdsByRole -Roles $Policy.Conditions.Users.ExcludeRoles -DirectoryRole $DirectoryRole
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$ExcludeUsers += Process-ExternalUsers -ExternalTenantUser $ExcludedExternalUser -UsersinTenant $UsersinTenant -B2BGuest $B2BGuest.Id -B2BMember $B2BMember.Id -LocalGuest $LocalGuest.Id -B2BDirectConnect $B2BDirectConnect
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$ExcludeId += $ExcludeUsers
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$IncludeId += $IncludeUsers | Where-Object { $_ -notin $ExcludeUsers }
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$UsersInPolicy[$Policy.DisplayName] += $IncludeUsers | Where-Object { $_ -notin $ExcludeUsers }
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if ($Policy.GrantControls.AuthenticationStrength.RequirementsSatisfied -contains 'mfa')
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{
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$NotRegistered += $IncludeUsers| Where-Object { $_ -notin $ExcludeUsers }
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$CurrentPolicy = $true
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$Strength = $Policy.GrantControls.AuthenticationStrength.AllowedCombinations
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foreach ($IncludeUser in $IncludeUsers)
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{
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|
$UserAuthDetails = $UserAuthenticationDetail | Where-Object { $_.Id -eq $IncludeUser }
|
||||||
|
$MethodsRegistered = if ($UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -ne $null) { $UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -split ',' } else {'None'}
|
||||||
|
foreach ($Method in $MethodsRegistered)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
if ($AllowedCombinations.ContainsKey($Method))
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
foreach($MFA in $AllowedCombinations[$Method])
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
if($Strength -contains $MFA)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
# Check if the user is included in any other policies with MFA strength
|
||||||
|
$Registered += $IncludeUser -join','
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
$Registered = $Registered | Select-Object -Unique
|
||||||
|
if(!$CurrentPolicy)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
$NotRegistered = $NotRegistered.GUID | Where-Object { $_ -notin $IncludeUsers.GUID }
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
$IncludedUsers = $IncludeId | Select-Object -Unique
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
$ProcessedUserCount = 0
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "Processing the Users"
|
||||||
|
$FilePath = ".\MFA_Deployment_Sources_Report_$((Get-Date -format 'yyyy-MMM-dd-ddd hh-mm tt').ToString()).csv"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#Now starts the Process of Checking various conditions for the users and Export to the .csv file in the D local storage
|
||||||
|
foreach ($User in $MgBetaUsers)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
$name = @()
|
||||||
|
$ProcessedUserCount++
|
||||||
|
$percent = ($ProcessedUserCount/$TotalUser)*100
|
||||||
|
Write-Progress -Activity "`n Processed user count: $ProcessedUserCount `n" -Status "Currently processing User: $($User.DisplayName)" -PercentComplete $percent
|
||||||
|
$Peruser = $Users | Where-Object {$_.ObjectID -contains $User.Id}
|
||||||
|
# Get user authentication details
|
||||||
|
$UserAuthDetails = $UserAuthenticationDetail | Where-Object { $_.UserPrincipalName -eq $User.UserPrincipalName }
|
||||||
|
$MethodsRegistered = if ($UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -ne "") { $UserAuthDetails.MethodsRegistered -join ',' } else { 'None' }
|
||||||
|
$Name += foreach($Pol in $Policies.DisplayName){if($UsersInPolicy[$pol] -contains $user.Id){$Pol}}
|
||||||
|
$PolicyName = $Name -join','
|
||||||
|
$MFAEnforce = @{
|
||||||
|
'User Display Name' = $User.DisplayName
|
||||||
|
'User Principal Name' = $User.UserPrincipalName
|
||||||
|
'MFA Enforced Via' = if($PerUser.StrongAuthenticationRequirements.State -eq 'Enforced' -and $PolicySetting -eq 'True' -and $IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){'Per User MFA , Conditional Access Policy'}
|
||||||
|
elseif ( $PerUser.StrongAuthenticationRequirements.State -eq 'Enforced' -and $SecurityDefault -eq $true) { 'Per User MFA , Security Default' }
|
||||||
|
elseif ($PerUser.StrongAuthenticationRequirements.State -eq 'Enforced') { 'Per User MFA' }
|
||||||
|
elseif ($SecurityDefault -eq $true) { 'Security Default' }
|
||||||
|
elseif ($PolicySetting -eq 'True' -and $IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){'Conditional Access Policy'}elseif ($Peruser.BlockCredential -eq $true) {'SignIn Blocked'}else {'Disabled'}
|
||||||
|
'Is Registered MFA Supported in CA' = if($IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){if($UserAuthDetails.IsMFARegistered -contains 'True'){if($PolicySetting -eq 'True' -and $NotRegistered -notcontains $User.Id) {$true}elseif($Registered -contains $User.Id){$true}else{'False'}}else{'False'}}else{''}
|
||||||
|
'CA MFA Status' = if($IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){'Enabled'}else{'Disabled'}
|
||||||
|
'Assigned CA Policy' = if($IncludedUsers -contains $User.Id){$PolicyName}else{''}
|
||||||
|
'Per User MFA Status' = if ($PerUser.StrongAuthenticationRequirements.State) { $PerUser.StrongAuthenticationRequirements.State } else { 'Disabled' }
|
||||||
|
'Security Default Status' = if ($SecurityDefault -eq $false){'Disabled'} else{'Enabled'}
|
||||||
|
'MFA Registered' = $UserAuthDetails.IsMFARegistered -contains 'True'
|
||||||
|
'Methods Registered' = if($MethodsRegistered){$MethodsRegistered}else{'None'}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
$MFAEnforced = New-Object PSObject -Property $MFAEnforce
|
||||||
|
try
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
$MFAEnforced | Select-Object 'User Display Name','User Principal Name','MFA Registered','Methods Registered','MFA Enforced Via','Per User MFA Status','Security Default Status','CA MFA Status','Assigned CA Policy','Is Registered MFA Supported in CA' | Export-Csv -Path $FilePath -NoTypeInformation -Append
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
catch
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "Error occurred While Exporting: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<#
|
||||||
|
$Prompt = New-Object -ComObject wscript.shell
|
||||||
|
$UserInput = $Prompt.popup("Do you want to open output file?",` 0,"Open Output File",4)
|
||||||
|
If ($UserInput -eq 6)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
Invoke-Item "$FilePath"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "Report was generated Successfully"
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "Total number of Users processed: $ProcessedUserCount"
|
||||||
|
#Disconnect from the Microsoft Graph
|
||||||
|
Disconnect-MgGraph | Out-Null
|
||||||
|
Write-Host `n~~ Script prepared by AdminDroid Community ~~`n -ForegroundColor Green
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "~~ Check out " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "admindroid.com" -ForegroundColor Yellow -NoNewline; Write-Host " to get access to 1800+ Microsoft 365 reports. ~~" -ForegroundColor Green `n`n
|
||||||
|
#>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#Open output file after execution
|
||||||
|
Write-Host `nScript executed successfully
|
||||||
|
if((Test-Path -Path $FilePath) -eq "True")
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
Write-Host `n~~ Script prepared by AdminDroid Community ~~`n -ForegroundColor Green
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "~~ Check out " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "admindroid.com" -ForegroundColor Yellow -NoNewline; Write-Host " to get access to 1800+ Microsoft 365 reports. ~~" -ForegroundColor Green `n`n
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "Exported report has $ProcessedUserCount user(s)" -ForegroundColor cyan
|
||||||
|
$Prompt = New-Object -ComObject wscript.shell
|
||||||
|
$UserInput = $Prompt.popup("Do you want to open output file?",` 0,"Open Output File",4)
|
||||||
|
if ($UserInput -eq 6)
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
Invoke-Item "$FilePath"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "Detailed report available in: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
|
||||||
|
Write-Host $FilePath
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
else
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
Write-Host "No user(s) found" -ForegroundColor Red
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
Loading…
x
Reference in New Issue
Block a user