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Audit User Account Status Changes
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<#
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=============================================================================================
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Name: Audit Account Status Changes in M365 Using PowerShell
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Version: 1.0
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website: o365reports.com
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Script Highlights:
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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1. The script automatically verifies and installs the Exchange Online PowerShell module (if not installed already) upon your confirmation.
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2. Tracks all Microsoft 365 user account status change events for the past 180 days.
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3. Allows you to retrieve enabled and disabled account activities for a custom date range.
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4. Generates a report of successfully completed account enable or disable actions.
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5. Exports only the failed account enable/disable events.
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6. Captures account status change events specific to guest users.
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7. Audits account status change events specific to internal users.
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8. The script can be executed with MFA-enabled account too.
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9. It exports the report result to CSV format.
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10. It can be executed with Certificate-based Authentication (CBA) too.
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11. The script is scheduler-friendly.
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For detailed Script execution: https://o365reports.com/2025/08/19/audit-account-status-changes-in-m365-using-powershell/
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============================================================================================
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#>
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Param
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(
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
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[Nullable[DateTime]]$StartDate,
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[Nullable[DateTime]]$EndDate,
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[switch]$EnabledEventsOnly,
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[switch]$DisabledEventsOnly,
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[switch]$SucceedOnly,
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[switch]$FailedOnly,
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[switch]$GuestUserOnly,
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[switch]$InternalUserOnly,
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[string[]]$PerformedBy,
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[string[]]$TargetUser,
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[string]$ClientId,
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[string]$Organization,
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[string]$CertificateThumbprint,
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[string]$UserName,
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[string]$Password
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)
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$MaxStartDate=((Get-Date).AddDays(-180)).Date
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#Retrive audit log for the past 180 days
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if(($null -eq $StartDate) -and ($null -eq $EndDate)) {
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$EndDate=(Get-Date).Date
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$StartDate=$MaxStartDate
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}
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#Getting start date to audit export report
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While($true) {
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if ($null -eq $StartDate) {
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$StartDate=Read-Host Enter start time for report generation '(Eg:03/21/2025)'
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}
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try {
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$Date=[DateTime]$StartDate
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if($Date -ge $MaxStartDate) {
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break
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}
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else {
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Write-Host `nAudit can be retrieved only for the past 180 days. Please select a date after $($MaxStartDate.ToString("MM/dd/yyyy.")) -ForegroundColor Red
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return
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}
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}
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Catch {
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Write-Host `nNot a valid date -ForegroundColor Red
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}
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}
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#Getting end date to export audit report
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While($true) {
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if ($null -eq $EndDate) {
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$EndDate=Read-Host Enter End time for report generation '(Eg: 05/28/2025)'
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}
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try {
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$Date=[DateTime]$EndDate
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if($EndDate -lt ($StartDate)) {
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Write-Host End time should be later than start time -ForegroundColor Red
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return
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}
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break
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}
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Catch {
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Write-Host `nNot a valid date -ForegroundColor Red
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}
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}
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Function Connect_Exo
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{
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#Check for EXO module inatallation
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$Module = Get-Module ExchangeOnlineManagement -ListAvailable
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if($Module.count -eq 0) {
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Write-Host Exchange Online PowerShell module is not available -ForegroundColor yellow
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$Confirm= Read-Host Are you sure you want to install module? [Y] Yes [N] No
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if($Confirm -match "[yY]") {
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Write-host "Installing Exchange Online PowerShell module"
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Install-Module ExchangeOnlineManagement -Repository PSGallery -AllowClobber -Force
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}
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else {
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Write-Host EXO module is required to connect Exchange Online.Please install module using Install-Module ExchangeOnlineManagement cmdlet.
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Exit
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}
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}
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Write-Host Connecting to Exchange Online...
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#Storing credential in script for scheduling purpose/ Passing credential as parameter - Authentication using non-MFA account
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if(($UserName -ne "") -and ($Password -ne "")) {
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$SecuredPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText $Password -Force
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$Credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential $UserName,$SecuredPassword
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Connect-ExchangeOnline -Credential $Credential -ShowBanner:$false
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}
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elseif($Organization -ne "" -and $ClientId -ne "" -and $CertificateThumbprint -ne "") {
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Connect-ExchangeOnline -AppId $ClientId -CertificateThumbprint $CertificateThumbprint -Organization $Organization -ShowBanner:$false
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}
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else {
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Connect-ExchangeOnline -ShowBanner:$false
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}
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}
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Connect_Exo
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$Location=Get-Location
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$OutputCSV="$Location\M365Users_AccountStatus_Changes_Report_$((Get-Date -format yyyy-MMM-dd-ddd` hh-mm` tt).ToString()).csv"
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$IntervalTimeInMinutes=1440 #$IntervalTimeInMinutes=Read-Host Enter interval time period '(in minutes)'
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$CurrentStart=$StartDate
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$CurrentEnd=$CurrentStart.AddMinutes($IntervalTimeInMinutes)
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#Check whether CurrentEnd exceeds EndDate(checks for 1st iteration)
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if($CurrentEnd -gt $EndDate) {
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$CurrentEnd=$EndDate
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}
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$AggregateResults = 0
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$CurrentResult= @()
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$CurrentResultCount=0
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$AccountStatusChangesCount=0
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Write-Host `nRetrieving audit log from $StartDate to $EndDate... -ForegroundColor Cyan
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while($true) {
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if($CurrentStart -eq $CurrentEnd) {
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Write-Host Start and end time are same.Please enter different time range -ForegroundColor Red
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Exit
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}
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else {
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$CurrentResult=Search-UnifiedAuditLog -StartDate $CurrentStart -EndDate $CurrentEnd -Operations "Update user." -SessionId s -SessionCommand ReturnLargeSet -ResultSize 5000
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}
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$AllAuditData=@()
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$AllAudits=$null
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foreach($Result in $CurrentResult) {
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$AuditData=$Result.auditdata | ConvertFrom-Json
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if (($AuditData.ModifiedProperties[0].Name -match "AccountEnabled")) {
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$EventTime = (Get-Date($AuditData.CreationTime)).ToLocalTime()
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$User = $AuditData.ObjectId
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$UserType = $AuditData.ModifiedProperties[-1].NewValue
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$ResultStatus = $AuditData.ResultStatus
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$Actor = $AuditData.Actor[0].ID
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$ActorType = $AuditData.Actor[-1].ID
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$OldValue = [bool]::Parse($($AuditData.ModifiedProperties[0].OldValue | ConvertFrom-Json))
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$NewValue = [bool]::Parse($($AuditData.ModifiedProperties[0].NewValue | ConvertFrom-Json))
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$Operation = if($OldValue -eq $false) { "Re-Enabled User" } else { "Disabled User" }
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if((!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($PerformedBy))) -and ($PerformedBy -notcontains $Actor)) { continue }
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if((!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($TargetUser))) -and ($TargetUser -notcontains $User)) { continue }
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if(($GuestUserOnly.IsPresent) -and ($UserType -ne "Guest")) { continue }
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if(($InternalUserOnly.IsPresent) -and ($UserType -ne "Member")) { continue }
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if(($SucceedOnly.IsPresent) -and ($ResultStatus -ne "Success")) { continue }
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if(($FailedOnly.IsPresent) -and ($ResultStatus -ne "Failure")) { continue }
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if(($EnabledEventsOnly.IsPresent) -and ($Operation -ne "Re-Enabled User")) { continue }
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if(($DisabledEventsOnly.IsPresent) -and ($Operation -ne "Disabled User")) { continue }
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# Transfrom
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if($OldValue -eq $true) { $OldValue = "Enabled" } else { $OldValue = "Disabled" }
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if($NewValue -eq $true) { $NewValue = "Enabled" } else { $NewValue = "Disabled" }
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$AccountStatusChangesCount++
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$AllAudits=@{'Event Time'=$EventTime;'User'=$User;'User Type'=$UserType;'Operation'=$Operation;'Result Status'=$ResultStatus;'Performed By'=$Actor;'Performer Type'=$ActorType;'Changed From'=$OldValue;'Changed To'=$NewValue;'Audit Info'=$AuditData}
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$AllAuditData= New-Object PSObject -Property $AllAudits
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$AllAuditData | Sort-Object 'Event Time' | Select-Object 'Event Time','User','User Type','Operation','Result Status','Performed By','Performer Type','Changed From','Changed To','Audit Info' | Export-Csv $OutputCSV -NoTypeInformation -Append
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}
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}
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$currentResultCount=$CurrentResultCount+($CurrentResult.count)
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$AggregateResults +=$CurrentResult.count
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Write-Progress -Activity "`n Retrieving audit log for $CurrentStart : $CurrentResultCount records"`n" Total processed audit record count: $AggregateResults"
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if(($CurrentResultCount -eq 50000) -or ($CurrentResult.count -lt 5000)) {
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if($CurrentResultCount -eq 50000) {
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Write-Host Retrieved max record for the current range.Proceeding further may cause data loss or rerun the script with reduced time interval. -ForegroundColor Red
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$Confirm=Read-Host `nAre you sure you want to continue? [Y] Yes [N] No
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if($Confirm -notmatch "[Y]") {
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Write-Host Please rerun the script with reduced time interval -ForegroundColor Red
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Exit
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}
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else {
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Write-Host Proceeding audit log collection with data loss
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}
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}
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#Check for last iteration
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if(($CurrentEnd -eq $EndDate)) {
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break
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}
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[DateTime]$CurrentStart=$CurrentEnd
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#Break loop if start date exceeds current date(There will be no data)
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if($CurrentStart -gt (Get-Date)) {
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break
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}
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[DateTime]$CurrentEnd=$CurrentStart.AddMinutes($IntervalTimeInMinutes)
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if($CurrentEnd -gt $EndDate) {
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$CurrentEnd=$EndDate
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}
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$CurrentResultCount=0
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$CurrentResult = @()
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}
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}
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Write-Host `n~~ Script prepared by AdminDroid Community ~~`n -ForegroundColor Green
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Write-Host "~~ Check out " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Green; Write-Host "admindroid.com" -ForegroundColor Yellow -NoNewline; Write-Host " to get access to 1800+ Microsoft 365 reports. ~~" -ForegroundColor Green
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If($AccountStatusChangesCount -eq 0) {
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Write-Host No records found
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}
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else {
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Write-Host `nThe output file contains $AccountStatusChangesCount audit records.
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if((Test-Path -Path $OutputCSV) -eq "True") {
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Write-Host `n"The Output file available in: " -NoNewline -ForegroundColor Yellow
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Write-Host $OutputCSV
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$Prompt = New-Object -ComObject wscript.shell
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$UserInput = $Prompt.popup("Do you want to open output file?",0,"Open Output File",4)
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If ($UserInput -eq 6) {
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Invoke-Item "$OutputCSV"
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}
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}
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}
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#Disconnect Exchange Online session
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Disconnect-ExchangeOnline -Confirm:$false
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