add poetry command (#67)

* add poetry command

* add poetry.lock extractor & define cmd parser for poetry

* feat: support Poetry caret/tilde version syntax

* add wildcard constraint support & test cases

* readme update

* chore: small fixes

README.md

@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ PMG supports the following package managers:
 | `bun`           | ✅ Active  | `pmg bun add <package>` |
 | `pip`           | ✅ Active  | `pmg pip install <package>` |
 | `uv`            | ✅ Active  | `pmg uv add <package>` or `pmg uv pip install <package>`|
+| `poetry`        | ✅ Active | `pmg poetry add <package>` |
 | `yarn`          | 🚧 Planned |                             |
-| `poetry`        | 🚧 Planned |                             |
 
 > Want us to support your favorite package manager? [Open an issue](https://github.com/safedep/pmg/issues) and let us know!
 
@@ -174,6 +174,8 @@ pip install <package-name>
 
 uv add <package-name>
 uv pip install <package-name>
+
+poetry add <package-name>
 ```
 
 ### Alternative: Manual Commands
@@ -188,6 +190,8 @@ pmg pip install <package-name>
 
 pmg uv add <package-name>
 pmg uv pip install <package-name>
+
+pmg poetry add <package-name>
 ```
 
 ### Lockfile Installation
@@ -203,6 +207,8 @@ pip install -r requirements.txt   # Uses requirements file
 uv sync                           # Installs packages from uv.lock
 uv pip sync requirements.txt      # Sync from requirements file
 uv pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+poetry install      # Installs from poetry.lock
 ```
 
 PMG scans the exact package versions specified in lockfiles and blocks installation if malicious packages are detected.
@@ -290,7 +296,7 @@ is malicious. However, there is a possibility of inconsistency when a specific v
 <details>
 <summary>PyPI registry scanning only</summary>
 
-`pmg` only scans packages available in the PyPI registry when using `pip`. Packages installed from
+`pmg` only scans packages available in the PyPI registry when using any python package manager. Packages installed from
 alternative sources such as Git URLs, local file paths, or private registries are not analyzed for
 malware detection. This limitation applies to direct installations and transitive dependencies sourced
 from non-PyPI locations.

cmd/pypi/poetry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package pypi
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/safedep/pmg/config"
+	"github.com/safedep/pmg/internal/analytics"
+	"github.com/safedep/pmg/internal/flows"
+	"github.com/safedep/pmg/internal/ui"
+	"github.com/safedep/pmg/packagemanager"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewPoetryCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	return &cobra.Command{
+		Use:                "poetry [action] [package]",
+		Short:              "Guard poetry package manager",
+		DisableFlagParsing: true,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			err := executePoetryFlow(cmd.Context(), args)
+			if err != nil {
+				ui.ErrorExit(err)
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func executePoetryFlow(ctx context.Context, args []string) error {
+	analytics.TrackCommandPoetry()
+	packageManager, err := packagemanager.NewPypiPackageManager(packagemanager.DefaultPoetryPackageManagerConfig())
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create poetry package manager: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	config, err := config.FromContext(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	parsedCommand, err := packageManager.ParseCommand(args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse command: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	packageResolverConfig := packagemanager.NewDefaultPypiDependencyResolverConfig()
+	packageResolverConfig.IncludeTransitiveDependencies = config.Transitive
+	packageResolverConfig.TransitiveDepth = config.TransitiveDepth
+	packageResolverConfig.IncludeDevDependencies = config.IncludeDevDependencies
+	packageResolverConfig.PackageInstallTargets = parsedCommand.InstallTargets
+
+	packageResolver, err := packagemanager.NewPypiDependencyResolver(packageResolverConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create dependency resolver: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return flows.Common(packageManager, packageResolver, config).Run(ctx, args, parsedCommand)
+}

extractor/common.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/extractor/filesystem/language/javascript/bunlock"
 	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/extractor/filesystem/language/javascript/packagelockjson"
 	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/extractor/filesystem/language/javascript/pnpmlock"
+	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/extractor/filesystem/language/python/poetrylock"
 	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/extractor/filesystem/language/python/requirements"
 	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/extractor/filesystem/language/python/uvlock"
 	"github.com/google/osv-scalibr/fs"
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ func getExtractorForFile(filename string) (filesystem.Extractor, error) {
 		return requirements.NewDefault(), nil
 	case filename == "uv.lock":
 		return uvlock.New(), nil
+	case filename == "poetry.lock":
+		return poetrylock.New(), nil
 	default:
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported lockfile type: %s", filename)
 	}

extractor/ecosystems.go

@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ type PackageManagerExtractor interface {
 type PackageManagerName string
 
 const (
-	Npm  PackageManagerName = "npm"
-	Pnpm PackageManagerName = "pnpm"
-	Pip  PackageManagerName = "pip"
-	Bun  PackageManagerName = "bun"
-	Uv   PackageManagerName = "uv"
+	Npm    PackageManagerName = "npm"
+	Pnpm   PackageManagerName = "pnpm"
+	Pip    PackageManagerName = "pip"
+	Bun    PackageManagerName = "bun"
+	Uv     PackageManagerName = "uv"
+	Poetry PackageManagerName = "poetry"
 )
 
 type ExtractorManager struct {
@@ -36,11 +37,12 @@ type ExtractorManager struct {
 func NewExtractorManager() *ExtractorManager {
 	return &ExtractorManager{
 		extractors: map[PackageManagerName]PackageManagerExtractor{
-			Npm:  &NpmExtractor{},
-			Pnpm: &PnpmExtractor{},
-			Pip:  &PipExtractor{},
-			Bun:  &BunExtractor{},
-			Uv:   &UvExtractor{},
+			Npm:    &NpmExtractor{},
+			Pnpm:   &PnpmExtractor{},
+			Pip:    &PipExtractor{},
+			Bun:    &BunExtractor{},
+			Uv:     &UvExtractor{},
+			Poetry: &PoetryExtractor{},
 		},
 	}
 }

extractor/pypi.go

@@ -41,3 +41,22 @@ func (u *UvExtractor) GetPackageManager() PackageManagerName {
 func (u *UvExtractor) Extract(lockfilePath, scanDir string) ([]*packagev1.PackageVersion, error) {
 	return parseLockfile(lockfilePath, scanDir, u.GetEcosystem())
 }
+
+// PoetryExtractor handles poetry.lock files
+type PoetryExtractor struct{}
+
+func (p *PoetryExtractor) GetSupportedFiles() []string {
+	return []string{"poetry.lock"}
+}
+
+func (p *PoetryExtractor) GetEcosystem() packagev1.Ecosystem {
+	return packagev1.Ecosystem_ECOSYSTEM_PYPI
+}
+
+func (p *PoetryExtractor) GetPackageManager() PackageManagerName {
+	return Poetry
+}
+
+func (p *PoetryExtractor) Extract(lockfilePath, scanDir string) ([]*packagev1.PackageVersion, error) {
+	return parseLockfile(lockfilePath, scanDir, p.GetEcosystem())
+}

internal/analytics/event.go

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 package analytics
 
 const (
-	eventRun         = "pmg_command_run"
-	eventCommandNpm  = "pmg_command_npm"
-	eventCommandBun  = "pmg_command_bun"
-	eventCommandPnpm = "pmg_command_pnpm"
-	eventCommandPip  = "pmg_command_pip"
-	eventCommandUv   = "pmg_command_uv"
+	eventRun           = "pmg_command_run"
+	eventCommandNpm    = "pmg_command_npm"
+	eventCommandBun    = "pmg_command_bun"
+	eventCommandPnpm   = "pmg_command_pnpm"
+	eventCommandPip    = "pmg_command_pip"
+	eventCommandUv     = "pmg_command_uv"
+	eventCommandPoetry = "pmg_command_poetry"
 
 	eventPmgGenerateEnvDocker        = "pmg_command_generate_env_docker"
 	eventPmgGenerateEnvGitHubActions = "pmg_command_generate_env_github_actions"
@@ -37,6 +38,10 @@ func TrackCommandUv() {
 	TrackEvent(eventCommandUv)
 }
 
+func TrackCommandPoetry() {
+	TrackEvent(eventCommandPoetry)
+}
+
 func TrackCommandGenerateEnvDocker() {
 	TrackEvent(eventPmgGenerateEnvDocker)
 }

main.go

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ func main() {
 	cmd.AddCommand(npm.NewBunCommand())
 	cmd.AddCommand(pypi.NewPipCommand())
 	cmd.AddCommand(pypi.NewUvCommand())
+	cmd.AddCommand(pypi.NewPoetryCommand())
 	cmd.AddCommand(version.NewVersionCommand())
 	cmd.AddCommand(setup.NewSetupCommand())
 	cmd.AddCommand(setup.NewRemoveCommand())

packagemanager/pypi.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package packagemanager
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"regexp"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -35,6 +36,13 @@ func DefaultUvPackageManagerConfig() PypiPackageManagerConfig {
 	}
 }
 
+func DefaultPoetryPackageManagerConfig() PypiPackageManagerConfig {
+	return PypiPackageManagerConfig{
+		InstallCommands: []string{"add"},
+		CommandName:     "poetry",
+	}
+}
+
 type pypiPackageManager struct {
 	Config PypiPackageManagerConfig
 	parser pypiCommandParser
@@ -48,6 +56,8 @@ func NewPypiPackageManager(config PypiPackageManagerConfig) (*pypiPackageManager
 		parser = NewPipCommandParser(config)
 	case "uv":
 		parser = NewUVCommandParser(config)
+	case "poetry":
+		parser = NewPoetryCommandParser(config)
 	default:
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported package manager: %s", config.CommandName)
 	}
@@ -145,15 +155,9 @@ func (p *pipCommandParser) ParseCommand(args []string) (*ParsedCommand, error) {
 			return nil, ErrFailedToParsePackage.Wrap(err)
 		}
 
-		if version != "" {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(version, "==") {
-				version = strings.TrimPrefix(version, "==")
-			} else {
-				version, err = pypiGetMatchingVersion(packageName, version)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, ErrFailedToResolveVersion.Wrap(err)
-				}
-			}
+		version, err = pypiGetMatchingVersion(packageName, version)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, ErrFailedToResolveVersion.Wrap(err)
 		}
 
 		installTargets = append(installTargets, &PackageInstallTarget{
@@ -262,15 +266,9 @@ func (u *uvCommandParser) ParseCommand(args []string) (*ParsedCommand, error) {
 			return nil, ErrFailedToParsePackage.Wrap(err)
 		}
 
-		if version != "" {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(version, "==") {
-				version = strings.TrimPrefix(version, "==")
-			} else {
-				version, err = pypiGetMatchingVersion(packageName, version)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, ErrFailedToResolveVersion.Wrap(err)
-				}
-			}
+		version, err = pypiGetMatchingVersion(packageName, version)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, ErrFailedToResolveVersion.Wrap(err)
 		}
 
 		installTargets = append(installTargets, &PackageInstallTarget{
@@ -293,6 +291,103 @@ func (u *uvCommandParser) ParseCommand(args []string) (*ParsedCommand, error) {
 	}, nil
 }
 
+type poetryCommandParser struct {
+	config PypiPackageManagerConfig
+}
+
+func NewPoetryCommandParser(config PypiPackageManagerConfig) pypiCommandParser {
+	return &poetryCommandParser{
+		config: config,
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *poetryCommandParser) ParseCommand(args []string) (*ParsedCommand, error) {
+	// Remove 'poetry' if it's the first argument
+	if len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "poetry" {
+		args = args[1:]
+	}
+
+	command := Command{Exe: p.config.CommandName, Args: args}
+	if len(args) < 1 {
+		return &ParsedCommand{Command: command}, nil
+	}
+
+	if len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "install" {
+		return &ParsedCommand{
+			Command:           command,
+			IsManifestInstall: true,
+			InstallTargets:    nil,
+			ManifestFiles:     []string{"poetry.lock"},
+		}, nil
+	}
+
+	// Find the install command position
+	var installCmdIndex = -1
+	for idx, arg := range args {
+		if slices.Contains(p.config.InstallCommands, arg) {
+			installCmdIndex = idx
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if installCmdIndex == -1 {
+		// No install command found, return as-is
+		return &ParsedCommand{Command: command}, nil
+	}
+
+	// Extract arguments after the install command
+	installArgs := args[installCmdIndex+1:]
+
+	// Set up flag parsing
+	flagSet := pflag.NewFlagSet("poetry", pflag.ContinueOnError)
+	flagSet.ParseErrorsWhitelist.UnknownFlags = true
+	flagSet.SetOutput(io.Discard)
+
+	err := flagSet.Parse(installArgs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return &ParsedCommand{Command: command}, nil
+	}
+
+	packages := flagSet.Args()
+
+	var installTargets []*PackageInstallTarget
+	for _, pkg := range packages {
+		// Convert Poetry version constraints (^, ~, *) to standard format
+		convertedPkg, err := pypiConvertPoetryVersionConstraints(pkg)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, ErrFailedToParsePackage.Wrap(err)
+		}
+
+		packageName, version, extras, err := pypiParsePackageInfo(convertedPkg)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, ErrFailedToParsePackage.Wrap(err)
+		}
+
+		version, err = pypiGetMatchingVersion(packageName, version)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, ErrFailedToResolveVersion.Wrap(err)
+		}
+
+		installTargets = append(installTargets, &PackageInstallTarget{
+			PackageVersion: &packagev1.PackageVersion{
+				Package: &packagev1.Package{
+					Ecosystem: packagev1.Ecosystem_ECOSYSTEM_PYPI,
+					Name:      packageName,
+				},
+				Version: version,
+			},
+			Extras: extras,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return &ParsedCommand{
+		Command:           command,
+		InstallTargets:    installTargets,
+		IsManifestInstall: false,
+		ManifestFiles:     nil,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 // pypiParsePackageInfo parses a python package installation specification, separating the package name,
 // version constraints, and any extras (additional features) to be installed.
 // Example: "django[mysql,redis]>=3.0" returns ("django", ">=3.0", ["mysql", "redis"], nil)
@@ -351,6 +446,141 @@ func pypiParsePackageInfo(input string) (packageName, version string, extras []s
 	return packageName, version, extras, nil
 }
 
+// pypiConvertPoetryVersionConstraints converts Poetry's caret (^) and tilde (~) version constraints
+// to equivalent version ranges. It preserves extras and package names exactly.
+// Examples:
+//   - "django[mysql]^3.0" -> "django[mysql]>=3.0,<4.0.0"
+//   - "requests@*" -> "requests>=0.0.0"
+//   - "flask@1.2.*" -> "flask>=1.2.0,<1.3.0"
+//   - "pendulum>=2.0.0" -> "pendulum>=2.0.0" (unchanged)
+func pypiConvertPoetryVersionConstraints(packageStr string) (string, error) {
+	if packageStr == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("package string cannot be empty")
+	}
+
+	packageStr = strings.TrimSpace(packageStr)
+
+	// Return early is the package name is not valid
+	if strings.HasPrefix(packageStr, "@") || strings.HasPrefix(packageStr, "^") ||
+		strings.HasPrefix(packageStr, "~") || regexp.MustCompile(`^[\d.*]`).MatchString(packageStr) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid package specification: '%s' appears to be a version constraint without a package name", packageStr)
+	}
+
+	// Regex to match package with optional extras and Poetry constraints
+	// Matches: packagename[extras]@^version, packagename[extras]^version, or packagename[extras]@*
+	poetryConstraintRegex := regexp.MustCompile(`^([a-zA-Z0-9._-]+(?:\[[^\]]*\])?)(?:@)?([~^]|\*|[\d.]+\*)(.*)$`)
+
+	matches := poetryConstraintRegex.FindStringSubmatch(packageStr)
+	if len(matches) != 4 {
+		return packageStr, nil
+	}
+
+	packageName := matches[1]
+	operator := matches[2]
+	version := matches[3]
+
+	// Convert based on operator type
+	var convertedRange string
+	if operator == "^" {
+		convertedRange = pypiConvertCaretConstraint(version)
+	} else if operator == "~" {
+		convertedRange = pypiConvertTildeConstraint(version)
+	} else if operator == "*" || strings.HasSuffix(operator, "*") {
+		// For wildcards, the operator contains the full wildcard pattern
+		convertedRange = pypiConvertWildcardConstraint(operator)
+	}
+
+	if convertedRange == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid version constraint: %s%s", operator, version)
+	}
+
+	return packageName + convertedRange, nil
+}
+
+// pypiConvertCaretConstraint converts caret (^) version constraints to equivalent ranges
+// Examples:
+//   - "1.2.3" -> ">=1.2.3,<2.0.0"
+//   - "0.2.3" -> ">=0.2.3,<0.3.0" (special case for major version 0)
+//   - "0.0.3" -> ">=0.0.3,<0.0.4" (special case for major and minor version 0)
+func pypiConvertCaretConstraint(version string) string {
+	parts := strings.Split(version, ".")
+	if len(parts) < 1 {
+		return "" // invalid
+	}
+
+	// Pad with zeros if needed (e.g., "1.2" -> "1.2.0")
+	for len(parts) < 3 {
+		parts = append(parts, "0")
+	}
+
+	major, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "" // invalid major version
+	}
+
+	minor, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "" // invalid minor version
+	}
+
+	patch, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[2])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "" // invalid patch version
+	}
+
+	// Special cases for version 0.x.x
+	if major == 0 {
+		if minor == 0 {
+			// ^0.0.x -> >=0.0.x,<0.0.(x+1)
+			return fmt.Sprintf(">=0.0.%d,<0.0.%d", patch, patch+1)
+		}
+		// ^0.x.y -> >=0.x.y,<0.(x+1).0
+		return fmt.Sprintf(">=0.%d.%d,<0.%d.0", minor, patch, minor+1)
+	}
+
+	// ^x.y.z -> >=x.y.z,<(x+1).0.0
+	// Reconstruct the original version with proper formatting
+	originalVersion := strings.Join(parts, ".")
+	return fmt.Sprintf(">=%s,<%d.0.0", originalVersion, major+1)
+}
+
+// pypiConvertTildeConstraint converts tilde (~) version constraints to equivalent ranges
+// Examples:
+//   - "1.2.3" -> ">=1.2.3,<1.3.0"
+//   - "1.2" -> ">=1.2.0,<1.3.0"
+//   - "1" -> ">=1.0.0,<2.0.0"
+func pypiConvertTildeConstraint(version string) string {
+	parts := strings.Split(version, ".")
+	if len(parts) < 1 {
+		return "" // invalid
+	}
+
+	major, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "" // invalid major version
+	}
+
+	switch len(parts) {
+	case 1:
+		// ~1 -> >=1.0.0,<2.0.0
+		return fmt.Sprintf(">=%s.0.0,<%d.0.0", version, major+1)
+	case 2:
+		// ~1.2 -> >=1.2.0,<1.3.0
+		minor, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return "" // invalid minor version
+		}
+		return fmt.Sprintf(">=%s.0,<%d.%d.0", version, major, minor+1)
+	default:
+		// ~1.2.3 -> >=1.2.3,<1.3.0
+		minor, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return "" // invalid minor version
+		}
+		return fmt.Sprintf(">=%s,<%d.%d.0", version, major, minor+1)
+	}
+}
+
 func pypiConvertCompatibleRelease(version string) string {
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(version, "~=") {
 		return version
@@ -390,7 +620,47 @@ func pypiConvertCompatibleRelease(version string) string {
 		upperBoundParts[incIndex] = strconv.Itoa(increment)
 
 		upperBound := strings.Join(upperBoundParts, ".")
-
 		return fmt.Sprintf(">=%s,<%s", version, upperBound)
 	}
 }
+
+// pypiConvertWildcardConstraint converts wildcard (*) version constraints to equivalent ranges
+// Examples:
+//   - "*" -> ">=0.0.0"
+//   - "1.*" -> ">=1.0.0,<2.0.0"
+//   - "1.2.*" -> ">=1.2.0,<1.3.0"
+func pypiConvertWildcardConstraint(wildcard string) string {
+	if wildcard == "*" {
+		return ">=0.0.0"
+	}
+
+	// Remove trailing .* to get the base version
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(wildcard, ".*") {
+		return "" // invalid wildcard format
+	}
+
+	baseVersion := strings.TrimSuffix(wildcard, ".*")
+	parts := strings.Split(baseVersion, ".")
+
+	// Validate that all parts are numeric
+	for _, part := range parts {
+		if _, err := strconv.Atoi(part); err != nil {
+			return "" // invalid version part
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Normalize to 3 parts and create range
+	switch len(parts) {
+	case 1:
+		// 1.* -> >=1.0.0,<2.0.0
+		major, _ := strconv.Atoi(parts[0])
+		return fmt.Sprintf(">=%d.0.0,<%d.0.0", major, major+1)
+	case 2:
+		// 1.2.* -> >=1.2.0,<1.3.0
+		major, _ := strconv.Atoi(parts[0])
+		minor, _ := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+		return fmt.Sprintf(">=%d.%d.0,<%d.%d.0", major, minor, major, minor+1)
+	default:
+		return "" // unsupported wildcard format
+	}
+}

packagemanager/pypi_resolver.go

@@ -249,14 +249,15 @@ func pypiParseDependency(input string) (string, string, string) {
 
 func pypiGetMatchingVersion(packageName, versionConstraint string) (string, error) {
 	// Already a exact version
-	if strings.HasPrefix(versionConstraint, "==") {
-		return versionConstraint, nil
+	if after, ok := strings.CutPrefix(versionConstraint, "=="); ok {
+		return after, nil
 	}
 
 	// Handle compatible release operator
 	if strings.HasPrefix(versionConstraint, "~=") {
 		versionConstraint = pypiConvertCompatibleRelease(versionConstraint)
 	}
+
 	// Handle empty version constraint
 	if versionConstraint == "" {
 		// Get latest version

packagemanager/pypi_resolver_test.go

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func TestPipGetLatestMatchingVersion(t *testing.T) {
 			versionConstraint: "==2.28.0",
 			assertFn: func(t *testing.T, version string, err error) {
 				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, "==2.28.0", version)
+				require.Equal(t, "2.28.0", version)
 			},
 		},
 		{

packagemanager/pypi_test.go

@@ -251,6 +251,348 @@ func TestPipConvertCompatibleRelease(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestPypiConvertPoetryVersionConstraints(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+		wantErr  bool
+	}{
+		// Basic functionality tests
+		{
+			name:     "empty string",
+			input:    "",
+			expected: "",
+			wantErr:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "package name only",
+			input:    "pendulum",
+			expected: "pendulum",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "inequality constraints",
+			input:    "pendulum>=2.0.0",
+			expected: "pendulum>=2.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty package name",
+			input:    "@^1.0.0",
+			expected: "",
+			wantErr:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "whitespace handling",
+			input:    "  pendulum@^2.0.5  ",
+			expected: "pendulum>=2.0.5,<3.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+
+		// Caret constraint tests
+		{
+			name:     "caret basic major version",
+			input:    "pendulum@^2.0.5",
+			expected: "pendulum>=2.0.5,<3.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret with major version 0",
+			input:    "requests@^0.2.3",
+			expected: "requests>=0.2.3,<0.3.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret with major and minor version 0",
+			input:    "numpy@^0.0.5",
+			expected: "numpy>=0.0.5,<0.0.6",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret with two parts",
+			input:    "flask@^1.1",
+			expected: "flask>=1.1.0,<2.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret with one part",
+			input:    "pytest@^7",
+			expected: "pytest>=7.0.0,<8.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret with zero major & two parts",
+			input:    "package@^0.5",
+			expected: "package>=0.5.0,<0.6.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret invalid version",
+			input:    "invalid@^abc.def",
+			expected: "",
+			wantErr:  true,
+		},
+
+		// Tilde constraint tests
+		{
+			name:     "tilde basic three parts",
+			input:    "pendulum@~2.0.5",
+			expected: "pendulum>=2.0.5,<2.1.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "tilde with two parts",
+			input:    "requests@~1.2",
+			expected: "requests>=1.2.0,<1.3.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "tilde with one part",
+			input:    "numpy@~2",
+			expected: "numpy>=2.0.0,<3.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "tilde with zero major",
+			input:    "package@~0.5.2",
+			expected: "package>=0.5.2,<0.6.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "tilde invalid version",
+			input:    "invalid@~abc.def",
+			expected: "",
+			wantErr:  true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "tilde without @ separator",
+			input:    "requests~1.2.0",
+			expected: "requests>=1.2.0,<1.3.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+
+		// With extras
+		{
+			name:     "caret with extras using @ format",
+			input:    "fastapi[all]@^0.68.0",
+			expected: "fastapi[all]>=0.68.0,<0.69.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "caret with extras without @ separator",
+			input:    "django[mysql,redis]^3.0",
+			expected: "django[mysql,redis]>=3.0.0,<4.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "tilde with multiple extras",
+			input:    "uvicorn[standard,dev]~0.15.0",
+			expected: "uvicorn[standard,dev]>=0.15.0,<0.16.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty extras with caret",
+			input:    "numpy[]^1.20.0",
+			expected: "numpy[]>=1.20.0,<2.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+
+		// Standard constraint pass-through tests (no Poetry operators)
+		{
+			name:     "standard python format",
+			input:    "pendulum>=2.0.0",
+			expected: "pendulum>=2.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "standard exact version",
+			input:    "django==3.2.0",
+			expected: "django==3.2.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "standard with extras",
+			input:    "fastapi[all]>=0.68.0",
+			expected: "fastapi[all]>=0.68.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "complex version range",
+			input:    "requests>=2.0,<3.0",
+			expected: "requests>=2.0,<3.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+
+		// Wildcard constraint tests
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard all versions",
+			input:    "requests@*",
+			expected: "requests>=0.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard major version",
+			input:    "django@1.*",
+			expected: "django>=1.0.0,<2.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard minor version",
+			input:    "flask@1.2.*",
+			expected: "flask>=1.2.0,<1.3.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard without @ separator",
+			input:    "numpy@2.*",
+			expected: "numpy>=2.0.0,<3.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard with extras",
+			input:    "fastapi[all]@1.*",
+			expected: "fastapi[all]>=1.0.0,<2.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard with extras without @ separator",
+			input:    "uvicorn[standard]@0.*",
+			expected: "uvicorn[standard]>=0.0.0,<1.0.0",
+			wantErr:  false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result, err := pypiConvertPoetryVersionConstraints(tc.input)
+			if tc.wantErr {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+				assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, result)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPypiConvertCaretConstraint(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "standard major version",
+			input:    "1.2.3",
+			expected: ">=1.2.3,<2.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "major version zero",
+			input:    "0.2.3",
+			expected: ">=0.2.3,<0.3.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "major and minor version zero",
+			input:    "0.0.3",
+			expected: ">=0.0.3,<0.0.4",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "two parts",
+			input:    "1.2",
+			expected: ">=1.2.0,<2.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "one part",
+			input:    "7",
+			expected: ">=7.0.0,<8.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "zero major two parts",
+			input:    "0.5",
+			expected: ">=0.5.0,<0.6.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "double digit versions",
+			input:    "10.15.22",
+			expected: ">=10.15.22,<11.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "invalid version",
+			input:    "abc.def",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty version",
+			input:    "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := pypiConvertCaretConstraint(tc.input)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPypiConvertTildeConstraint(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "three parts",
+			input:    "1.2.3",
+			expected: ">=1.2.3,<1.3.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "two parts",
+			input:    "1.2",
+			expected: ">=1.2.0,<1.3.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "one part",
+			input:    "2",
+			expected: ">=2.0.0,<3.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "zero major version",
+			input:    "0.5.2",
+			expected: ">=0.5.2,<0.6.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "double digit versions",
+			input:    "10.15.22",
+			expected: ">=10.15.22,<10.16.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "large version numbers",
+			input:    "99.99.99",
+			expected: ">=99.99.99,<99.100.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "invalid version",
+			input:    "abc.def",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty version",
+			input:    "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := pypiConvertTildeConstraint(tc.input)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestUvParseCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	pm, err := NewPypiPackageManager(DefaultUvPackageManagerConfig())
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -360,3 +702,64 @@ func TestUvParseCommand(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestPypiConvertWildcardConstraint(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "all versions wildcard",
+			input:    "*",
+			expected: ">=0.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "major version wildcard",
+			input:    "1.*",
+			expected: ">=1.0.0,<2.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "minor version wildcard",
+			input:    "2.5.*",
+			expected: ">=2.5.0,<2.6.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "zero major version wildcard",
+			input:    "0.*",
+			expected: ">=0.0.0,<1.0.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "zero minor version wildcard",
+			input:    "1.0.*",
+			expected: ">=1.0.0,<1.1.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "high version numbers",
+			input:    "12.34.*",
+			expected: ">=12.34.0,<12.35.0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "invalid wildcard format",
+			input:    "1.2.3.*",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "invalid non-numeric parts",
+			input:    "abc.*",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "wildcard without dot",
+			input:    "1*",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := pypiConvertWildcardConstraint(tc.input)
+			assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}