# Vulnerability Remediation Guide

## Triage Process

### 1. Assess Impact
- Is the vulnerability exploitable in your context?
- Is the vulnerable component reachable?
- What's the potential business impact?

### 2. Prioritize
```
Priority Matrix:
                    Exploitable
                    Yes         No
Impact  High        P1-Critical P2-High
        Medium      P2-High     P3-Medium
        Low         P3-Medium   P4-Low
```

### 3. Remediation Options

| Option | When to Use |
|--------|-------------|
| **Upgrade** | Fix available, no breaking changes |
| **Patch** | Apply security patch |
| **Workaround** | Mitigate until fix available |
| **Accept** | Risk accepted with documentation |
| **Remove** | Dependency not needed |

## Common Remediation Steps

### Container Base Images

```dockerfile
# Before: Vulnerable base
FROM ubuntu:20.04

# After: Updated base
FROM ubuntu:22.04

# Better: Minimal base
FROM gcr.io/distroless/base-debian12
```

### JavaScript Dependencies

```bash
# View outdated packages
npm outdated

# Update specific package
npm update lodash

# Update all (careful!)
npm update

# Force resolution
npm audit fix --force

# Check for updates
npx npm-check-updates
```

### Python Dependencies

```bash
# Update specific package
pip install --upgrade requests

# Update with constraints
pip install 'requests>=2.28.0,<3.0.0'

# Using pip-tools
pip-compile --upgrade requirements.in
```

### Terraform Providers

```hcl
# Pin to secure version
terraform {
  required_providers {
    aws = {
      source  = "hashicorp/aws"
      version = "~> 5.0"  # Update to latest minor
    }
  }
}
```

## False Positive Handling

### Trivy Ignore
```yaml
# .trivyignore
CVE-2022-12345  # Reason: Not exploitable in our context
CVE-2022-67890  # Reason: Component not exposed
```

### Grype Ignore
```yaml
# .grype.yaml
ignore:
  - vulnerability: CVE-2022-12345
    reason: "Not applicable - component not used"
```

## Documentation Template

```markdown
## Vulnerability Assessment: CVE-XXXX-XXXXX

**Severity:** High (CVSS 7.5)
**Component:** package-name v1.2.3
**Status:** [Remediated/Accepted/Pending]

### Description
Brief description of the vulnerability.

### Impact Assessment
- Exploitability in our environment: [Yes/No/Partial]
- Affected systems: [List systems]
- Business impact: [Description]

### Remediation
- Action taken: Upgraded to v1.2.4
- Date: YYYY-MM-DD
- Verified by: [Name]

### If Accepted
- Reason for acceptance:
- Compensating controls:
- Review date:
- Approved by:
```