---
name: datadog
description: Implement Datadog monitoring and APM for infrastructure and applications. Configure agents, create dashboards, set up alerts, and implement distributed tracing. Use when implementing enterprise monitoring, APM, or unified observability platforms.
license: MIT
metadata:
  author: devops-skills
  version: "1.0"
---

# Datadog

Monitor infrastructure and applications with Datadog's unified observability platform.

## When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:
- Implementing enterprise-grade monitoring
- Setting up APM and distributed tracing
- Creating unified dashboards for infrastructure and apps
- Configuring intelligent alerting
- Monitoring cloud infrastructure (AWS, Azure, GCP)

## Prerequisites

- Datadog account and API key
- Agent installation access
- Application code access for APM

## Agent Installation

### Linux

```bash
# Install agent
DD_API_KEY=<YOUR_API_KEY> DD_SITE="datadoghq.com" bash -c "$(curl -L https://s3.amazonaws.com/dd-agent/scripts/install_script_agent7.sh)"

# Or via package manager
apt-get update && apt-get install datadog-agent

# Configure API key
echo "api_key: YOUR_API_KEY" >> /etc/datadog-agent/datadog.yaml

# Start agent
systemctl start datadog-agent
systemctl enable datadog-agent
```

### Docker

```yaml
# docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'

services:
  datadog-agent:
    image: gcr.io/datadoghq/agent:7
    environment:
      - DD_API_KEY=${DD_API_KEY}
      - DD_SITE=datadoghq.com
      - DD_LOGS_ENABLED=true
      - DD_APM_ENABLED=true
      - DD_PROCESS_AGENT_ENABLED=true
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
      - /proc/:/host/proc/:ro
      - /sys/fs/cgroup/:/host/sys/fs/cgroup:ro
    ports:
      - "8126:8126"  # APM
      - "8125:8125/udp"  # DogStatsD
```

### Kubernetes

```bash
# Using Helm
helm repo add datadog https://helm.datadoghq.com

helm install datadog datadog/datadog \
  --set datadog.apiKey=${DD_API_KEY} \
  --set datadog.site=datadoghq.com \
  --set datadog.logs.enabled=true \
  --set datadog.apm.portEnabled=true \
  --set datadog.processAgent.enabled=true \
  --namespace datadog \
  --create-namespace
```

## Agent Configuration

```yaml
# /etc/datadog-agent/datadog.yaml
api_key: YOUR_API_KEY
site: datadoghq.com

# Hostname
hostname: myserver.example.com

# Tags applied to all metrics
tags:
  - env:production
  - service:myapp
  - team:platform

# Log collection
logs_enabled: true

# APM
apm_config:
  enabled: true
  apm_dd_url: https://trace.agent.datadoghq.com

# Process monitoring
process_config:
  enabled: true

# Container monitoring
container_collect_all: true
docker_labels_as_tags:
  app: service
  environment: env
```

## Integration Configuration

### MySQL

```yaml
# /etc/datadog-agent/conf.d/mysql.d/conf.yaml
init_config:

instances:
  - host: localhost
    port: 3306
    username: datadog
    password: <PASSWORD>
    tags:
      - env:production
    options:
      replication: true
      extra_status_metrics: true
```

### PostgreSQL

```yaml
# /etc/datadog-agent/conf.d/postgres.d/conf.yaml
init_config:

instances:
  - host: localhost
    port: 5432
    username: datadog
    password: <PASSWORD>
    dbname: mydb
    collect_activity_metrics: true
    collect_database_size_metrics: true
```

### NGINX

```yaml
# /etc/datadog-agent/conf.d/nginx.d/conf.yaml
init_config:

instances:
  - nginx_status_url: http://localhost:80/nginx_status
    tags:
      - env:production
```

## Log Collection

### File-Based Logs

```yaml
# /etc/datadog-agent/conf.d/myapp.d/conf.yaml
logs:
  - type: file
    path: /var/log/myapp/*.log
    service: myapp
    source: python
    sourcecategory: custom
    tags:
      - env:production

  - type: file
    path: /var/log/nginx/access.log
    service: nginx
    source: nginx
    log_processing_rules:
      - type: exclude_at_match
        name: exclude_healthchecks
        pattern: health_check
```

### Docker Logs

```yaml
# docker-compose.yml
services:
  myapp:
    labels:
      com.datadoghq.ad.logs: '[{"source": "python", "service": "myapp"}]'
```

### Kubernetes Logs

```yaml
# Pod annotation
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  annotations:
    ad.datadoghq.com/myapp.logs: |
      [{
        "source": "python",
        "service": "myapp",
        "log_processing_rules": [{
          "type": "multi_line",
          "name": "python_tracebacks",
          "pattern": "^Traceback"
        }]
      }]
```

## APM Configuration

### Python

```python
from ddtrace import patch_all, tracer

# Automatic instrumentation
patch_all()

# Configure tracer
tracer.configure(
    hostname='localhost',
    port=8126,
    service='myapp',
    env='production',
    version='1.0.0'
)

# Manual instrumentation
@tracer.wrap(service='myapp', resource='process_order')
def process_order(order_id):
    with tracer.trace('validate_order') as span:
        span.set_tag('order_id', order_id)
        # Validation logic
    
    with tracer.trace('save_order'):
        # Save logic
        pass
```

```bash
# Install library
pip install ddtrace

# Run with auto-instrumentation
ddtrace-run python app.py
```

### Node.js

```javascript
const tracer = require('dd-trace').init({
  service: 'myapp',
  env: 'production',
  version: '1.0.0',
  logInjection: true
});

// Manual instrumentation
const span = tracer.startSpan('custom_operation');
span.setTag('user_id', userId);
// ... operation
span.finish();
```

```bash
# Install library
npm install dd-trace

# Run with auto-instrumentation
DD_TRACE_ENABLED=true node --require dd-trace/init app.js
```

### Go

```go
import (
    "gopkg.in/DataDog/dd-trace-go.v1/ddtrace/tracer"
)

func main() {
    tracer.Start(
        tracer.WithService("myapp"),
        tracer.WithEnv("production"),
        tracer.WithServiceVersion("1.0.0"),
    )
    defer tracer.Stop()

    // Manual span
    span, ctx := tracer.StartSpanFromContext(ctx, "process_request")
    defer span.Finish()
    span.SetTag("user_id", userID)
}
```

## Custom Metrics

### DogStatsD

```python
from datadog import DogStatsd

statsd = DogStatsd(host='localhost', port=8125)

# Counter
statsd.increment('myapp.orders.count', tags=['env:production'])

# Gauge
statsd.gauge('myapp.queue.size', queue_size, tags=['queue:orders'])

# Histogram
statsd.histogram('myapp.request.duration', response_time)

# Distribution
statsd.distribution('myapp.response_time', duration, tags=['endpoint:/api/orders'])
```

### API Submission

```python
from datadog_api_client import Configuration, ApiClient
from datadog_api_client.v2.api.metrics_api import MetricsApi
from datadog_api_client.v2.model.metric_payload import MetricPayload
from datadog_api_client.v2.model.metric_series import MetricSeries
from datadog_api_client.v2.model.metric_point import MetricPoint

configuration = Configuration()
with ApiClient(configuration) as api_client:
    api = MetricsApi(api_client)
    
    payload = MetricPayload(
        series=[
            MetricSeries(
                metric="custom.metric.name",
                type=MetricSeries.GAUGE,
                points=[MetricPoint(value=42.0, timestamp=int(time.time()))],
                tags=["env:production"]
            )
        ]
    )
    api.submit_metrics(body=payload)
```

## Dashboards

### Dashboard JSON

```json
{
  "title": "Application Overview",
  "widgets": [
    {
      "definition": {
        "type": "timeseries",
        "title": "Request Rate",
        "requests": [
          {
            "q": "sum:trace.http.request.hits{service:myapp}.as_rate()",
            "display_type": "line"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "definition": {
        "type": "query_value",
        "title": "Error Rate",
        "requests": [
          {
            "q": "sum:trace.http.request.errors{service:myapp}.as_rate() / sum:trace.http.request.hits{service:myapp}.as_rate() * 100"
          }
        ],
        "precision": 2
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

## Monitors (Alerts)

### Metric Monitor

```json
{
  "name": "High Error Rate",
  "type": "metric alert",
  "query": "sum(last_5m):sum:trace.http.request.errors{service:myapp}.as_count() / sum:trace.http.request.hits{service:myapp}.as_count() > 0.05",
  "message": "Error rate is {{value}}% for {{service.name}}. @slack-alerts",
  "tags": ["service:myapp", "env:production"],
  "options": {
    "thresholds": {
      "critical": 0.05,
      "warning": 0.02
    },
    "notify_no_data": true,
    "no_data_timeframe": 10
  }
}
```

### APM Monitor

```json
{
  "name": "High Latency Alert",
  "type": "trace-analytics alert",
  "query": "trace-analytics(\"service:myapp @http.status_code:2*\").rollup(\"avg\", \"@duration\").last(\"5m\") > 2000000000",
  "message": "Average latency is above 2 seconds. @pagerduty",
  "options": {
    "thresholds": {
      "critical": 2000000000
    }
  }
}
```

## Common Issues

### Issue: Agent Not Reporting
**Problem**: No data appearing in Datadog
**Solution**: Check API key, verify agent status with `datadog-agent status`

### Issue: Missing Traces
**Problem**: APM traces not appearing
**Solution**: Verify APM is enabled, check tracer configuration, verify port 8126

### Issue: High Cardinality Tags
**Problem**: Custom metrics getting dropped
**Solution**: Reduce unique tag values, use distributions instead of histograms

## Best Practices

- Use consistent service and environment tags
- Implement proper tag naming conventions
- Use unified service tagging (service, env, version)
- Set up service-level monitors
- Create dashboards per service
- Implement log correlation with traces
- Use distributions for latency metrics
- Configure proper alert escalation

## Related Skills

- [prometheus-grafana](../prometheus-grafana/) - Open source alternative
- [alerting-oncall](../alerting-oncall/) - Alert management
- [aws-vpc](../../../infrastructure/cloud-aws/aws-vpc/) - AWS monitoring