release: v0.3.12 — locale spoofing patch, WebGPU hardening, binary flags for tz/locale

Binary: 145.0.7632.159.4 (linux), 32 patches.
Wrapper: bare proxy format, ANGLE GPU strings, README updates.

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ jobs:
         with:
           node-version: 22
           registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'
+      - name: Upgrade npm
+        run: npm install -g npm@latest
       - name: Build
         run: cd js && npm ci && npm run build
       - name: Publish to npm

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -6,6 +6,17 @@ Changes are tagged: **[wrapper]** for Python/JS wrapper, **[binary]** for Chromi
 
 ---
 
+## [0.3.12] — 2026-03-10
+
+- **[binary]** Upgrade Linux build to 145.0.7632.159.4
+- **[binary]** Native locale spoofing — new C++ patch replaces detectable CDP-level locale emulation
+- **[binary]** WebGPU fingerprint hardening — spoof adapter features, limits, device ID, and subgroup sizes for cross-API consistency
+- **[binary]** Restore WebGPU blocklist bypass auto-injection (safe now with full adapter spoofing)
+- **[binary]** Fix WebGL renderer suffix — remove driver version string flagged by BrowserLeaks
+- **[wrapper]** Use binary flags for timezone/locale instead of CDP emulation — eliminates a detection vector
+- **[wrapper]** Support bare proxy format (`user:pass@host:port`) without scheme prefix
+- **[wrapper]** Use ANGLE-wrapped GPU strings in default stealth args for realistic WebGL fingerprint
+
 ## [0.3.11] — 2026-03-08
 
 - **[wrapper]** `humanize=True` — human-like mouse (Bézier curves, overshoot), keyboard (per-character timing, thinking pauses), scroll (accelerate/cruise/decelerate), and click behavior. Two presets: `default` and `careful`. Works in Python and JS. (thanks [@evelaa123](https://github.com/evelaa123))

README.md

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 <a href="https://github.com/CloakHQ/CloakBrowser"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/cloakhq/cloakbrowser" alt="Stars"></a>
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/cloakbrowser/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pepy/dt/cloakbrowser?label=pypi&logo=pypi&logoColor=white" alt="PyPI Downloads"></a>
 <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/cloakbrowser"><img src="https://img.shields.io/npm/dt/cloakbrowser?label=npm&logo=npm&logoColor=white" alt="npm Downloads"></a>
+<a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/cloakhq/cloakbrowser"><img src="https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/cloakhq/cloakbrowser?label=docker&logo=docker&logoColor=white" alt="Docker Pulls"></a>
 </p>
 
 <br>
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ Drop-in Playwright/Puppeteer replacement for Python and JavaScript.<br>
 Same API, same code — just swap the import. <strong>3 lines of code, 30 seconds to unblock.</strong>
 </p>
 
-- **31 source-level C++ patches** — canvas, WebGL, audio, fonts, GPU, screen, automation signals, CDP input behavior
+- **32 source-level C++ patches** — canvas, WebGL, audio, fonts, GPU, screen, automation signals, CDP input behavior
 - **`humanize=True`** — human-like mouse curves, keyboard timing, and scroll patterns. One flag, behavioral detection passes
 - **0.9 reCAPTCHA v3 score** — human-level, server-verified
 - **Passes Cloudflare Turnstile**, FingerprintJS, BrowserScan — tested against 30+ detection sites
@@ -109,16 +110,15 @@ page.goto("https://example.com")
 
 > ⭐ **Star** to show support — **[Watch releases](https://github.com/CloakHQ/CloakBrowser/subscription)** to get notified when new builds drop.
 
-## Latest: v0.3.11 (Chromium 145.0.7632.159.2)
+## Latest: v0.3.12 (Chromium 145.0.7632.159.4)
 
 - **`humanize=True`** — one flag makes all mouse, keyboard, and scroll interactions behave like a real user. Bézier curves, per-character typing, realistic scroll patterns. Two presets: `default` and `careful`
 - **CDP input behavior mimicking** — input events sent via CDP now produce the same signals as real user interactions. 5 new source-level patches covering pointer, keyboard, and mouse behavior
-- **`cloakserve` CDP server** — no longer requires socat. Chrome binds directly to `0.0.0.0:9222` via native flag support
-- **31 fingerprint patches** (Linux x64) — 5 new patches since v0.3.10, plus GPU fingerprint accuracy fixes for NVIDIA and Apple Silicon profiles
-- **All 4 platforms** — Linux x64, macOS arm64, macOS x64, and Windows x64 all on Chromium 145
+- **Native locale spoofing** — new C++ patch replaces detectable CDP-level locale emulation
+- **WebGPU fingerprint hardening** — adapter features, limits, and device ID spoofed for cross-API consistency
+- **32 fingerprint patches** (Linux x64) — all 4 platforms on Chromium 145
 - **Stealthy with zero flags** — binary auto-generates a random fingerprint seed at startup. No configuration required
 - **Timezone & locale from proxy IP** — `launch(proxy="...", geoip=True)` auto-detects timezone and locale
-- **Playwright + Puppeteer from one package** — `import from 'cloakbrowser'` or `import from 'cloakbrowser/puppeteer'`. Same binary, your choice of API
 - **Persistent profiles** — `launch_persistent_context()` keeps cookies and localStorage across sessions, bypasses incognito detection
 
 See the full [CHANGELOG.md](CHANGELOG.md) for details.
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ See the full [CHANGELOG.md](CHANGELOG.md) for details.
 - **CloakBrowser patches Chromium source code** — fingerprints are modified at the C++ level, compiled into the binary. Detection sites see a real browser because it *is* a real browser.
 - **Source-level stealth** — C++ patches handle fingerprints (GPU, screen, UA, hardware reporting) at the binary level. No JavaScript injection, no config-level hacks. Most stealth tools only patch at the surface.
 - **Same behavior everywhere** — works identically local, in Docker, and on VPS. No environment-specific patches or config needed.
-- **Works with any browser automation framework** — tested and passing stealth checks with Playwright, Puppeteer, Selenium, undetected-chromedriver, browser-use, Crawl4AI, and agent-browser. Just point any Chromium-based framework at the binary path.
+- **Works with AI agents and automation frameworks** — drop-in stealth for browser-use, Crawl4AI, agent-browser, Claude computer use, and OpenAI Operator. Also tested with Playwright, Puppeteer, and Selenium — point any Chromium-based framework at the binary path.
 
 CloakBrowser doesn't solve CAPTCHAs — it prevents them from appearing. No CAPTCHA-solving services, no proxy rotation built in — bring your own proxies, use the Playwright API you already know.
 
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ CloakBrowser is a thin wrapper (Python + JavaScript) around a custom-built Chrom
 3. **Every launch** → Playwright or Puppeteer starts with our binary + stealth args
 4. **You write code** → standard Playwright/Puppeteer API, nothing new to learn
 
-The binary includes 31 source-level patches covering canvas, WebGL, audio, fonts, GPU, screen properties, hardware reporting, automation signal removal, and CDP input behavior mimicking.
+The binary includes 32 source-level patches covering canvas, WebGL, audio, fonts, GPU, screen properties, hardware reporting, automation signal removal, and CDP input behavior mimicking.
 
 These are compiled into the Chromium binary — not injected via JavaScript, not set via flags.
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ browser = launch(proxy={"server": "http://proxy:8080", "bypass": ".google.com",
 # With extra Chrome args
 browser = launch(args=["--disable-gpu"])
 
-# With timezone and locale (sets both binary flags and Playwright context)
+# With timezone and locale (sets binary flags — no detectable CDP emulation)
 browser = launch(timezone="America/New_York", locale="en-US")
 
 # Auto-detect timezone/locale from proxy IP (requires: pip install cloakbrowser[geoip])
@@ -527,6 +527,7 @@ Supported by the binary but **not set by default** — pass via `args` to custom
 | `--fingerprint-platform-version` | Client Hints platform version |
 | `--fingerprint-location` | Geolocation coordinates |
 | `--fingerprint-timezone` | Timezone (e.g. `America/New_York`) |
+| `--fingerprint-locale` | Locale (e.g. `en-US`) |
 | `--fingerprint-taskbar-height` | Override taskbar height (binary defaults: Win=48, Mac=95, Linux=0) |
 | `--fingerprint-fonts-dir` | Path to cross-platform font directory |
 | `--enable-blink-features=FakeShadowRoot` | Access closed shadow DOM elements |
@@ -791,17 +792,13 @@ export CLOAKBROWSER_BINARY_PATH=/path/to/your/chrome
 ```
 
 **New update broke something? Roll back to the previous version**
-When auto-update downloads a newer binary, the previous version stays in `~/.cloakbrowser/`. Point `CLOAKBROWSER_BINARY_PATH` to the older cached binary:
+Install a specific wrapper version to downgrade both the wrapper and the binary it downloads:
 ```bash
-# Linux
-export CLOAKBROWSER_BINARY_PATH=~/.cloakbrowser/chromium-145.0.7632.159.2/chrome
-
-# macOS
-export CLOAKBROWSER_BINARY_PATH=~/.cloakbrowser/chromium-145.0.7632.109.2/Chromium.app/Contents/MacOS/Chromium
-
-# Windows
-set CLOAKBROWSER_BINARY_PATH=%USERPROFILE%\.cloakbrowser\chromium-145.0.7632.109.2\chrome.exe
+pip install cloakbrowser==0.3.11              # Python
+npm install cloakbrowser@0.3.11               # JavaScript
+docker pull cloakhq/cloakbrowser:0.3.11       # Docker
 ```
+Each wrapper version pins its own binary version, so downgrading the wrapper automatically gets you the matching binary on next launch.
 
 **macOS: "App is damaged" or Gatekeeper blocks launch**
 The binary is ad-hoc signed. macOS quarantines downloaded files. Run once to clear it:
@@ -916,7 +913,7 @@ All binary releases are GPG-signed and include GitHub artifact attestations for
 ```bash
 # Verify GPG signature
 gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys C60C0DDC9D0DE2DD
-git verify-tag chromium-v145.0.7632.159.3
+git verify-tag chromium-v145.0.7632.159.4
 
 # Verify binary attestation
 gh attestation verify cloakbrowser-linux-x64.tar.gz --repo CloakHQ/cloakbrowser

cloakbrowser/_version.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "0.3.11"
+__version__ = "0.3.12"

cloakbrowser/browser.py

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
 import os
-import warnings
 from typing import Any, Literal, TypedDict
 from urllib.parse import unquote, urlparse, urlunparse
 
@@ -26,10 +25,9 @@ from .download import ensure_binary
 logger = logging.getLogger("cloakbrowser")
 
 
-def _migrate_timezone_id(timezone: str | None, kwargs: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
-    """Pop deprecated timezone_id from kwargs, warn, return resolved timezone."""
+def _resolve_timezone(timezone: str | None, kwargs: dict[str, Any]) -> str | None:
+    """Accept both timezone and timezone_id — either works, no warning."""
     if "timezone_id" in kwargs:
-        warnings.warn("timezone_id is deprecated, use timezone instead", FutureWarning, stacklevel=3)
         if timezone is None:
             timezone = kwargs.pop("timezone_id")
         else:
@@ -279,7 +277,7 @@ def launch_persistent_context(
     """
     sync_playwright = _import_sync_playwright(_resolve_backend(backend))
 
-    timezone = _migrate_timezone_id(timezone, kwargs)
+    timezone = _resolve_timezone(timezone, kwargs)
 
     binary_path = ensure_binary()
     timezone, locale = _maybe_resolve_geoip(geoip, proxy, timezone, locale)
@@ -291,14 +289,12 @@ def launch_persistent_context(
         user_data_dir,
     )
 
+    # locale and timezone are set via binary flags (--lang, --fingerprint-timezone)
+    # — NOT via Playwright context kwargs which use detectable CDP emulation.
     context_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
     if user_agent:
         context_kwargs["user_agent"] = user_agent
     context_kwargs["viewport"] = viewport or DEFAULT_VIEWPORT
-    if locale:
-        context_kwargs["locale"] = locale
-    if timezone:
-        context_kwargs["timezone_id"] = timezone
     if color_scheme:
         context_kwargs["color_scheme"] = color_scheme
     context_kwargs.update(kwargs)
@@ -394,7 +390,7 @@ async def launch_persistent_context_async(
     """
     async_playwright = _import_async_playwright(_resolve_backend(backend))
 
-    timezone = _migrate_timezone_id(timezone, kwargs)
+    timezone = _resolve_timezone(timezone, kwargs)
 
     binary_path = ensure_binary()
     timezone, locale = _maybe_resolve_geoip(geoip, proxy, timezone, locale)
@@ -406,14 +402,12 @@ async def launch_persistent_context_async(
         user_data_dir,
     )
 
+    # locale and timezone are set via binary flags (--lang, --fingerprint-timezone)
+    # — NOT via Playwright context kwargs which use detectable CDP emulation.
     context_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
     if user_agent:
         context_kwargs["user_agent"] = user_agent
     context_kwargs["viewport"] = viewport or DEFAULT_VIEWPORT
-    if locale:
-        context_kwargs["locale"] = locale
-    if timezone:
-        context_kwargs["timezone_id"] = timezone
     if color_scheme:
         context_kwargs["color_scheme"] = color_scheme
     context_kwargs.update(kwargs)
@@ -491,25 +485,21 @@ def launch_context(
     Returns:
         Playwright BrowserContext object.
     """
-    timezone = _migrate_timezone_id(timezone, kwargs)
+    timezone = _resolve_timezone(timezone, kwargs)
 
     # Resolve geoip BEFORE launch() to avoid double-resolution and ensure
-    # resolved values flow to both binary flags AND context params
+    # resolved values flow to binary flags
     timezone, locale = _maybe_resolve_geoip(geoip, proxy, timezone, locale)
-    # Skip --fingerprint-timezone binary flag: it only applies to the default
-    # context and interferes with Playwright's timezone_id on new contexts.
-    # Timezone is set via browser.new_context(timezone_id=...) below instead.
+    # --fingerprint-timezone is process-wide (reads CommandLine in renderer),
+    # so it applies to ALL contexts, not just the default one.
+    # locale and timezone are set via binary flags only — no CDP emulation.
     browser = launch(headless=headless, proxy=proxy, args=args, stealth_args=stealth_args,
-                     timezone=None, locale=locale, backend=backend)
+                     timezone=timezone, locale=locale, backend=backend)
 
     context_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
     if user_agent:
         context_kwargs["user_agent"] = user_agent
     context_kwargs["viewport"] = viewport or DEFAULT_VIEWPORT
-    if locale:
-        context_kwargs["locale"] = locale
-    if timezone:
-        context_kwargs["timezone_id"] = timezone
     if color_scheme:
         context_kwargs["color_scheme"] = color_scheme
     context_kwargs.update(kwargs)
@@ -585,6 +575,11 @@ def _import_async_playwright(backend: str):
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
+def _ensure_proxy_scheme(proxy_url: str) -> str:
+    """Prepend http:// to schemeless proxy URLs so parsers can extract hostname."""
+    return proxy_url if "://" in proxy_url else f"http://{proxy_url}"
+
+
 def _maybe_resolve_geoip(
     geoip: bool,
     proxy: str | ProxySettings | None,
@@ -600,6 +595,7 @@ def _maybe_resolve_geoip(
     proxy_url = proxy.get("server") if isinstance(proxy, dict) else proxy
     if not proxy_url:
         return timezone, locale
+    proxy_url = _ensure_proxy_scheme(proxy_url)
     geo_tz, geo_locale = resolve_proxy_geo(proxy_url)
     if timezone is None:
         timezone = geo_tz
@@ -640,7 +636,7 @@ def _build_args(
             logger.debug("Arg override: %s -> %s", seen[key], flag)
         seen[key] = flag
     if locale:
-        key = "--lang"
+        for key in ("--lang", "--fingerprint-locale"):
             flag = f"{key}={locale}"
             if key in seen:
                 logger.debug("Arg override: %s -> %s", seen[key], flag)
@@ -653,12 +649,18 @@ def _parse_proxy_url(proxy: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """Parse proxy URL, extracting credentials into separate Playwright fields.
 
     Handles: http://user:pass@host:port -> {server: "http://host:port", username: "user", password: "pass"}
-    Also handles: no credentials, URL-encoded special chars, socks5://, missing port.
+    Also handles: no credentials, URL-encoded special chars, socks5://, missing port,
+    and bare proxy strings without a scheme (e.g. 'user:pass@host:port' -> treated as http).
     """
-    parsed = urlparse(proxy)
+    # Bare format: "user:pass@host:port" — urlparse needs a scheme to extract credentials.
+    normalized = proxy
+    if "@" in proxy and "://" not in proxy:
+        normalized = f"http://{proxy}"
+
+    parsed = urlparse(normalized)
 
     if not parsed.username:
-        return {"server": proxy}
+        return {"server": proxy}  # no creds — return original unchanged
 
     # Rebuild server URL without credentials
     netloc = parsed.hostname or ""

cloakbrowser/config.py

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ from ._version import __version__
 # CHROMIUM_VERSION is the latest across all platforms (for display/reference).
 # Use get_chromium_version() for the current platform's actual version.
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-CHROMIUM_VERSION = "145.0.7632.159.3"
+CHROMIUM_VERSION = "145.0.7632.159.4"
 
 PLATFORM_CHROMIUM_VERSIONS: dict[str, str] = {
-    "linux-x64": "145.0.7632.159.3",
+    "linux-x64": "145.0.7632.159.4",
     "darwin-arm64": "145.0.7632.109.2",
     "darwin-x64": "145.0.7632.109.2",
     "windows-x64": "145.0.7632.109.2",
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ def get_default_stealth_args() -> list[str]:
     # auto-generated by the binary from the seed (v14+).
     return base + [
         "--fingerprint-platform=windows",
-        "--fingerprint-gpu-vendor=NVIDIA Corporation",
-        "--fingerprint-gpu-renderer=NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070",
+        "--fingerprint-gpu-vendor=Google Inc. (NVIDIA)",
+        "--fingerprint-gpu-renderer=ANGLE (NVIDIA, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070 (0x00002484) Direct3D11 vs_5_0 ps_5_0, D3D11)",
     ]
 
 

js/README.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 Drop-in Playwright/Puppeteer replacement. Same API, same code — just swap the import. **3 lines of code, 30 seconds to unblock.**
 
-- **26 source-level C++ patches** — canvas, WebGL, audio, fonts, GPU, screen, automation signals
+- **32 source-level C++ patches** — canvas, WebGL, audio, fonts, GPU, screen, automation signals
 - **0.9 reCAPTCHA v3 score** — human-level, server-verified
 - **Passes Cloudflare Turnstile**, FingerprintJS, BrowserScan — tested against 30+ detection sites
 - **`npm install cloakbrowser`** — binary auto-downloads, auto-updates, zero config
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ const browser = await launch({
   args: ['--fingerprint=12345'],
 });
 
-// With timezone and locale (sets --fingerprint-timezone and --lang binary flags)
+// With timezone and locale
 const browser = await launch({
   timezone: 'America/New_York',
   locale: 'en-US',
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ const browser = await launch({
   geoip: true,
 });
 
-// Browser + context in one call (timezone/locale set both binary flags AND context)
+// Browser + context in one call (timezone/locale set via binary flags)
 const context = await launchContext({
   userAgent: 'Custom UA',
   viewport: { width: 1920, height: 1080 },

js/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "cloakbrowser",
-  "version": "0.3.11",
+  "version": "0.3.12",
   "description": "Stealth Chromium that passes every bot detection test. Drop-in Playwright/Puppeteer replacement with source-level fingerprint patches.",
   "type": "module",
   "main": "dist/index.js",

js/src/args.ts

@@ -38,12 +38,13 @@ export function buildArgs(options: LaunchOptions): string[] {
     seen.set(key, flag);
   }
   if (options.locale) {
-    const key = "--lang";
-    const flag = `${key}=${options.locale}`;
-    if (seen.has(key)) {
-      if (DEBUG) console.debug(`[cloakbrowser] Arg override: ${seen.get(key)} -> ${flag}`);
+    for (const k of ["--lang", "--fingerprint-locale"] as const) {
+      const flag = `${k}=${options.locale}`;
+      if (seen.has(k)) {
+        if (DEBUG) console.debug(`[cloakbrowser] Arg override: ${seen.get(k)} -> ${flag}`);
+      }
+      seen.set(k, flag);
     }
-    seen.set(key, flag);
   }
   return [...seen.values()];
 }

js/src/config.ts

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ export { WRAPPER_VERSION };
 // CHROMIUM_VERSION is the latest across all platforms (for display/reference).
 // Use getChromiumVersion() for the current platform's actual version.
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-export const CHROMIUM_VERSION = "145.0.7632.159.3";
+export const CHROMIUM_VERSION = "145.0.7632.159.4";
 
 export const PLATFORM_CHROMIUM_VERSIONS: Record<string, string> = {
-  "linux-x64": "145.0.7632.159.3",
+  "linux-x64": "145.0.7632.159.4",
   "darwin-arm64": "145.0.7632.109.2",
   "darwin-x64": "145.0.7632.109.2",
   "windows-x64": "145.0.7632.109.2",
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ export function getDefaultStealthArgs(): string[] {
   return [
     ...base,
     "--fingerprint-platform=windows",
-    "--fingerprint-gpu-vendor=NVIDIA Corporation",
-    "--fingerprint-gpu-renderer=NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070",
+    "--fingerprint-gpu-vendor=Google Inc. (NVIDIA)",
+    "--fingerprint-gpu-renderer=ANGLE (NVIDIA, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3070 (0x00002484) Direct3D11 vs_5_0 ps_5_0, D3D11)",
   ];
 }

js/src/geoip.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ import { createWriteStream } from "node:fs";
 import dns from "node:dns/promises";
 import net from "node:net";
 import { getCacheDir } from "./config.js";
+import type { LaunchOptions } from "./types.js";
+import { ensureProxyScheme } from "./proxy.js";
 
 // P3TERX mirror of MaxMind GeoLite2-City — no license key needed
 const GEOIP_DB_URL =
@@ -260,3 +262,23 @@ function maybeTriggerUpdate(dbPath: string): void {
   // Fire-and-forget background update
   downloadGeoipDb(dbPath).catch(() => {});
 }
+
+/**
+ * Auto-fill timezone/locale from proxy IP when geoip is enabled.
+ * Shared by the Playwright and Puppeteer wrappers.
+ */
+export async function maybeResolveGeoip(
+  options: LaunchOptions
+): Promise<{ timezone?: string; locale?: string }> {
+  if (!options.geoip || !options.proxy) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
+  if (options.timezone && options.locale) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
+
+  let proxyUrl = typeof options.proxy === "string" ? options.proxy : options.proxy.server;
+  if (!proxyUrl) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
+  proxyUrl = ensureProxyScheme(proxyUrl);
+  const { timezone: geoTz, locale: geoLocale } = await resolveProxyGeo(proxyUrl);
+  return {
+    timezone: options.timezone ?? geoTz ?? undefined,
+    locale: options.locale ?? geoLocale ?? undefined,
+  };
+}

js/src/playwright.ts

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ import { DEFAULT_VIEWPORT } from "./config.js";
 import { buildArgs } from "./args.js";
 import { ensureBinary } from "./download.js";
 import { parseProxyUrl } from "./proxy.js";
+import { maybeResolveGeoip } from "./geoip.js";
 
-/** @internal Migrate deprecated timezoneId → timezone, warn once. Exported for testing. */
-export function migrateTimezoneId<T extends { timezone?: string; timezoneId?: string }>(options: T): T {
+/** @internal Accept both timezone and timezoneId — either works, no warning. Exported for testing. */
+export function resolveTimezone<T extends { timezone?: string; timezoneId?: string }>(options: T): T {
   if (options.timezoneId != null) {
-    console.warn("[cloakbrowser] timezoneId is deprecated, use timezone instead");
     const merged = { ...options, timezone: options.timezone ?? options.timezoneId };
     delete (merged as any).timezoneId;
     return merged;
@@ -85,21 +85,19 @@ export async function launch(options: LaunchOptions = {}): Promise<Browser> {
 export async function launchContext(
   options: LaunchContextOptions = {}
 ): Promise<BrowserContext> {
-  options = migrateTimezoneId(options);
+  options = resolveTimezone(options);
   // Resolve geoip BEFORE launch() to avoid double-resolution
   const resolved = await maybeResolveGeoip(options);
-  // Skip --fingerprint-timezone binary flag: it only applies to the default
-  // context and interferes with Playwright's timezoneId on new contexts.
-  // Timezone is set via browser.newContext(timezoneId: ...) below instead.
-  const browser = await launch({ ...options, ...resolved, geoip: false, timezone: undefined });
+  // --fingerprint-timezone is process-wide (reads CommandLine in renderer),
+  // so it applies to ALL contexts, not just the default one.
+  // locale and timezone are set via binary flags only — no CDP emulation.
+  const browser = await launch({ ...options, ...resolved, geoip: false });
 
   let context: BrowserContext;
   try {
     context = await browser.newContext({
       ...(options.userAgent ? { userAgent: options.userAgent } : {}),
       viewport: options.viewport ?? DEFAULT_VIEWPORT,
-      ...(resolved.locale ? { locale: resolved.locale } : {}),
-      ...(resolved.timezone ? { timezoneId: resolved.timezone } : {}),
       ...(options.colorScheme ? { colorScheme: options.colorScheme } : {}),
     });
   } catch (err) {
@@ -152,13 +150,15 @@ export async function launchContext(
 export async function launchPersistentContext(
   options: LaunchPersistentContextOptions
 ): Promise<BrowserContext> {
-  options = migrateTimezoneId(options);
+  options = resolveTimezone(options);
   const { chromium } = await import("playwright-core");
 
   const binaryPath = process.env.CLOAKBROWSER_BINARY_PATH || (await ensureBinary());
   const resolved = await maybeResolveGeoip(options);
   const args = buildArgs({ ...options, ...resolved });
 
+  // locale and timezone are set via binary flags (--lang, --fingerprint-timezone)
+  // — NOT via Playwright context kwargs which use detectable CDP emulation.
   const context = await chromium.launchPersistentContext(options.userDataDir, {
     executablePath: binaryPath,
     headless: options.headless ?? true,
@@ -169,8 +169,6 @@ export async function launchPersistentContext(
       : {}),
     ...(options.userAgent ? { userAgent: options.userAgent } : {}),
     viewport: options.viewport ?? DEFAULT_VIEWPORT,
-    ...(resolved.locale ? { locale: resolved.locale } : {}),
-    ...(resolved.timezone ? { timezoneId: resolved.timezone } : {}),
     ...(options.colorScheme ? { colorScheme: options.colorScheme } : {}),
     ...options.launchOptions,
   });
@@ -193,21 +191,5 @@ export async function launchPersistentContext(
 // Internal
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-async function maybeResolveGeoip(
-  options: LaunchOptions
-): Promise<{ timezone?: string; locale?: string }> {
-  if (!options.geoip || !options.proxy) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
-  if (options.timezone && options.locale) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
-
-  const { resolveProxyGeo } = await import("./geoip.js");
-  const proxyUrl = typeof options.proxy === "string" ? options.proxy : options.proxy.server;
-  if (!proxyUrl) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
-  const { timezone: geoTz, locale: geoLocale } = await resolveProxyGeo(proxyUrl);
-  return {
-    timezone: options.timezone ?? geoTz ?? undefined,
-    locale: options.locale ?? geoLocale ?? undefined,
-  };
-}
-
 /** @internal Exposed for unit tests only. */
 export { buildArgs as _buildArgsForTest } from "./args.js";

js/src/proxy.ts

@@ -8,16 +8,28 @@ export interface ParsedProxy {
   password?: string;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Prepend http:// to schemeless proxy URLs so parsers can extract hostname.
+ * Used by geoip resolution which only needs a valid hostname, not auth fields.
+ */
+export function ensureProxyScheme(proxyUrl: string): string {
+  return proxyUrl.includes("://") ? proxyUrl : `http://${proxyUrl}`;
+}
+
 /**
  * Parse a proxy URL, extracting credentials into separate fields.
  *
  * Handles: "http://user:pass@host:port" -> { server: "http://host:port", username: "user", password: "pass" }
- * Also handles: no credentials, URL-encoded special chars, socks5://, missing port.
+ * Also handles: no credentials, URL-encoded special chars, socks5://, missing port,
+ * and bare proxy strings without a scheme (e.g. "user:pass@host:port" -> treated as http).
  */
 export function parseProxyUrl(proxy: string): ParsedProxy {
   let url: URL;
+  // Bare format: "user:pass@host:port" — new URL() throws without a scheme.
+  const normalized =
+    proxy.includes("@") && !proxy.includes("://") ? `http://${proxy}` : proxy;
   try {
-    url = new URL(proxy);
+    url = new URL(normalized);
   } catch {
     // Not a parseable URL (e.g. bare "host:port") — pass through as-is
     return { server: proxy };

js/src/puppeteer.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import type { LaunchOptions } from "./types.js";
 import { buildArgs } from "./args.js";
 import { ensureBinary } from "./download.js";
 import { parseProxyUrl } from "./proxy.js";
+import { maybeResolveGeoip } from "./geoip.js";
 
 /**
  * Launch stealth Chromium browser via Puppeteer.
@@ -83,19 +84,3 @@ export async function launch(options: LaunchOptions = {}): Promise<Browser> {
 // Internal
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-async function maybeResolveGeoip(
-  options: LaunchOptions
-): Promise<{ timezone?: string; locale?: string }> {
-  if (!options.geoip || !options.proxy) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
-  if (options.timezone && options.locale) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
-
-  const { resolveProxyGeo } = await import("./geoip.js");
-  const proxyUrl = typeof options.proxy === "string" ? options.proxy : options.proxy.server;
-  if (!proxyUrl) return { timezone: options.timezone, locale: options.locale };
-  const { timezone: geoTz, locale: geoLocale } = await resolveProxyGeo(proxyUrl);
-  return {
-    timezone: options.timezone ?? geoTz ?? undefined,
-    locale: options.locale ?? geoLocale ?? undefined,
-  };
-}
-

js/src/types.ts

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ export interface LaunchContextOptions extends LaunchOptions {
   viewport?: { width: number; height: number };
   /** Browser locale, e.g. "en-US". */
   locale?: string;
-  /** @deprecated Use `timezone` (inherited from LaunchOptions) instead. */
+  /** IANA timezone — alias for `timezone`. Either works. */
   timezoneId?: string;
   /** Color scheme preference — 'light', 'dark', or 'no-preference'. */
   colorScheme?: "light" | "dark" | "no-preference";

js/tests/config.test.ts

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
   getDownloadUrl,
   getFallbackDownloadUrl,
 } from "../src/config.js";
-import { _buildArgsForTest, migrateTimezoneId } from "../src/playwright.js";
+import { _buildArgsForTest, resolveTimezone } from "../src/playwright.js";
 
 describe("config", () => {
   it("CHROMIUM_VERSION matches expected format", () => {
@@ -97,21 +97,24 @@ describe("buildArgs timezone/locale", () => {
     expect(args).toContain("--fingerprint-timezone=America/New_York");
   });
 
-  it("injects --lang when locale is set", () => {
+  it("injects --lang and --fingerprint-locale when locale is set", () => {
     const args = _buildArgsForTest({ locale: "en-US" });
     expect(args).toContain("--lang=en-US");
+    expect(args).toContain("--fingerprint-locale=en-US");
   });
 
   it("injects both when both are set", () => {
     const args = _buildArgsForTest({ timezone: "Europe/Berlin", locale: "de-DE" });
     expect(args).toContain("--fingerprint-timezone=Europe/Berlin");
     expect(args).toContain("--lang=de-DE");
+    expect(args).toContain("--fingerprint-locale=de-DE");
   });
 
   it("injects timezone/locale even when stealthArgs=false", () => {
     const args = _buildArgsForTest({ stealthArgs: false, timezone: "America/New_York", locale: "en-US" });
     expect(args).toContain("--fingerprint-timezone=America/New_York");
     expect(args).toContain("--lang=en-US");
+    expect(args).toContain("--fingerprint-locale=en-US");
     expect(args.some(a => a.startsWith("--fingerprint="))).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -119,6 +122,7 @@ describe("buildArgs timezone/locale", () => {
     const args = _buildArgsForTest({});
     expect(args.some(a => a.startsWith("--fingerprint-timezone="))).toBe(false);
     expect(args.some(a => a.startsWith("--lang="))).toBe(false);
+    expect(args.some(a => a.startsWith("--fingerprint-locale="))).toBe(false);
   });
 });
 
@@ -147,14 +151,17 @@ describe("buildArgs deduplication", () => {
     expect(tzArgs[0]).toBe("--fingerprint-timezone=America/New_York");
   });
 
-  it("locale param overrides user --lang arg", () => {
+  it("locale param overrides user --lang and --fingerprint-locale args", () => {
     const args = _buildArgsForTest({
-      args: ["--lang=de-DE"],
+      args: ["--lang=de-DE", "--fingerprint-locale=de-DE"],
       locale: "en-US",
     });
     const langArgs = args.filter(a => a.startsWith("--lang="));
     expect(langArgs).toHaveLength(1);
     expect(langArgs[0]).toBe("--lang=en-US");
+    const localeArgs = args.filter(a => a.startsWith("--fingerprint-locale="));
+    expect(localeArgs).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(localeArgs[0]).toBe("--fingerprint-locale=en-US");
   });
 
   it("no duplicate flag keys in output", () => {
@@ -175,29 +182,29 @@ describe("buildArgs deduplication", () => {
   });
 });
 
-describe("migrateTimezoneId deprecation", () => {
-  it("migrates timezoneId to timezone", () => {
-    const result = migrateTimezoneId({ timezoneId: "Europe/Paris" });
+describe("resolveTimezone alias", () => {
+  it("resolves timezoneId to timezone", () => {
+    const result = resolveTimezone({ timezoneId: "Europe/Paris" });
     expect(result.timezone).toBe("Europe/Paris");
     expect(result).not.toHaveProperty("timezoneId");
   });
 
   it("preserves explicit timezone over timezoneId", () => {
-    const result = migrateTimezoneId({ timezone: "UTC", timezoneId: "Europe/Paris" });
+    const result = resolveTimezone({ timezone: "UTC", timezoneId: "Europe/Paris" });
     expect(result.timezone).toBe("UTC");
     expect(result).not.toHaveProperty("timezoneId");
   });
 
   it("returns options unchanged when no timezoneId", () => {
     const opts = { timezone: "UTC" };
-    const result = migrateTimezoneId(opts);
+    const result = resolveTimezone(opts);
     expect(result).toBe(opts); // same reference, no copy
     expect(result.timezone).toBe("UTC");
   });
 
   it("returns options unchanged when neither is set", () => {
     const opts = {};
-    const result = migrateTimezoneId(opts);
+    const result = resolveTimezone(opts);
     expect(result).toBe(opts);
   });
 });

js/tests/geoip.test.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,17 @@ describe("resolveProxyIp", () => {
   it("returns null for empty string", async () => {
     expect(await resolveProxyIp("")).toBeNull();
   });
+
+  it("returns null for schemeless proxy (shows why normalization is needed)", async () => {
+    // no scheme — new URL() gives empty hostname for both bare formats
+    expect(await resolveProxyIp("user:pass@10.50.96.5:8888")).toBeNull();
+    expect(await resolveProxyIp("10.50.96.5:8888")).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("extracts IP after normalization (http:// prepended by maybeResolveGeoip)", async () => {
+    expect(await resolveProxyIp("http://user:pass@10.50.96.5:8888")).toBe("10.50.96.5");
+    expect(await resolveProxyIp("http://10.50.96.5:8888")).toBe("10.50.96.5");
+  });
 });
 
 describe("COUNTRY_LOCALE_MAP", () => {

js/tests/launch.test.ts

@@ -96,20 +96,20 @@ describe("launchContext (unit)", () => {
     expect(ctxArgs.userAgent).toBe("Custom/1.0");
   });
 
-  it("passes timezone to context timezoneId, not to launch", async () => {
+  it("passes timezone via binary flag, not CDP context", async () => {
     const { launchContext } = await import("../src/playwright.js");
     await launchContext({ timezone: "America/New_York" });
 
-    // launch() called with timezone: undefined (skipped for binary flag)
+    // launch() called with --fingerprint-timezone binary flag
     const launchArgs = mockChromium.launch.mock.calls[0][0];
     const hasTimezoneFlag = launchArgs.args.some((a: string) =>
-      a.startsWith("--fingerprint-timezone=")
+      a.startsWith("--fingerprint-timezone=America/New_York")
     );
-    expect(hasTimezoneFlag).toBe(false);
+    expect(hasTimezoneFlag).toBe(true);
 
-    // newContext() gets timezoneId
+    // NOT in newContext() — no CDP emulation
     const ctxArgs = mockBrowser.newContext.mock.calls[0][0];
-    expect(ctxArgs.timezoneId).toBe("America/New_York");
+    expect(ctxArgs.timezoneId).toBeUndefined();
   });
 
   it("forwards colorScheme to newContext", async () => {
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ describe("launchPersistentContext (unit)", () => {
     expect(args.viewport).toEqual(DEFAULT_VIEWPORT);
   });
 
-  it("passes timezone and locale to context", async () => {
+  it("passes timezone and locale via binary args, not CDP context", async () => {
     const { launchPersistentContext } = await import("../src/playwright.js");
     await launchPersistentContext({
       userDataDir: "/tmp/profile",
@@ -174,11 +174,12 @@ describe("launchPersistentContext (unit)", () => {
     });
 
     const args = mockChromium.launchPersistentContext.mock.calls[0][1];
-    expect(args.timezoneId).toBe("Asia/Tokyo");
-    expect(args.locale).toBe("ja-JP");
-    // Also in binary args
+    // Binary args (native, undetectable)
     expect(args.args).toContain("--fingerprint-timezone=Asia/Tokyo");
     expect(args.args).toContain("--lang=ja-JP");
+    // NOT in context kwargs (would trigger detectable CDP emulation)
+    expect(args.timezoneId).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(args.locale).toBeUndefined();
   });
 
   it("forwards proxy string", async () => {

js/tests/proxy.test.ts

@@ -82,3 +82,36 @@ describe("proxy dict type", () => {
     }
   });
 });
+
+describe("bare proxy format (user:pass@host:port)", () => {
+  it("extracts credentials from bare format", () => {
+    expect(parseProxyUrl("user:pass@proxy:8080")).toEqual({
+      server: "http://proxy:8080",
+      username: "user",
+      password: "pass",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("credentials not in server", () => {
+    const r = parseProxyUrl("user:pass@proxy1.example.com:5610");
+    expect(r.server).not.toContain("user");
+    expect(r.server).not.toContain("pass");
+  });
+
+  it("bare username only", () => {
+    const r = parseProxyUrl("user@proxy:8080");
+    expect(r.username).toBe("user");
+    expect(r.password).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(r.server).toBe("http://proxy:8080");
+  });
+
+  it("bare no port", () => {
+    const r = parseProxyUrl("user:pass@proxy.example.com");
+    expect(r.username).toBe("user");
+    expect(r.server).toBe("http://proxy.example.com");
+  });
+
+  it("bare no credentials passes through unchanged", () => {
+    expect(parseProxyUrl("proxy:8080")).toEqual({ server: "proxy:8080" });
+  });
+});

js/tests/puppeteer.test.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ vi.mock("../src/download.js", () => ({
 
 vi.mock("../src/geoip.js", () => ({
   resolveProxyGeo: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ timezone: null, locale: null }),
+  maybeResolveGeoip: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({}),
 }));
 
 describe("puppeteer launch", () => {

tests/test_build_args.py

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-"""Unit tests for _build_args timezone/locale injection and deprecation compat."""
+"""Unit tests for _build_args timezone/locale injection and timezone alias."""
 
-import warnings
-
-from cloakbrowser.browser import _build_args, _migrate_timezone_id
+from cloakbrowser.browser import _build_args, _resolve_timezone
 
 
 def test_timezone_injected():
@@ -12,9 +10,10 @@ def test_timezone_injected():
 
 
 def test_locale_injected():
-    """--lang flag should appear when locale is set."""
+    """--lang and --fingerprint-locale flags should appear when locale is set."""
     args = _build_args(stealth_args=True, extra_args=None, locale="en-US")
     assert "--lang=en-US" in args
+    assert "--fingerprint-locale=en-US" in args
 
 
 def test_both_injected():
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@ def test_both_injected():
     args = _build_args(stealth_args=True, extra_args=None, timezone="Europe/Berlin", locale="de-DE")
     assert "--fingerprint-timezone=Europe/Berlin" in args
     assert "--lang=de-DE" in args
+    assert "--fingerprint-locale=de-DE" in args
 
 
 def test_timezone_independent_of_stealth_args():
@@ -29,15 +29,17 @@ def test_timezone_independent_of_stealth_args():
     args = _build_args(stealth_args=False, extra_args=None, timezone="America/New_York", locale="en-US")
     assert "--fingerprint-timezone=America/New_York" in args
     assert "--lang=en-US" in args
+    assert "--fingerprint-locale=en-US" in args
     # No stealth fingerprint args
     assert not any(a.startswith("--fingerprint=") for a in args)
 
 
 def test_no_flags_when_not_set():
-    """No timezone/lang flags when params are None."""
+    """No timezone/lang/fingerprint-locale flags when params are None."""
     args = _build_args(stealth_args=True, extra_args=None)
     assert not any(a.startswith("--fingerprint-timezone=") for a in args)
     assert not any(a.startswith("--lang=") for a in args)
+    assert not any(a.startswith("--fingerprint-locale=") for a in args)
 
 
 def test_extra_args_preserved():
@@ -46,52 +48,41 @@ def test_extra_args_preserved():
     assert "--disable-gpu" in args
     assert "--fingerprint-timezone=Asia/Tokyo" in args
     assert "--lang=ja-JP" in args
+    assert "--fingerprint-locale=ja-JP" in args
 
 
-# --- _migrate_timezone_id deprecation compat ---
+# --- _resolve_timezone alias ---
 
 
-def test_migrate_old_param_only():
+def test_resolve_timezone_id_alias():
     """timezone_id in kwargs should be promoted to timezone."""
     kwargs = {"timezone_id": "Europe/Paris"}
-    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-        warnings.simplefilter("always")
-        result = _migrate_timezone_id(None, kwargs)
+    result = _resolve_timezone(None, kwargs)
     assert result == "Europe/Paris"
     assert "timezone_id" not in kwargs
-    assert len(w) == 1 and issubclass(w[0].category, FutureWarning)
 
 
-def test_migrate_new_param_wins():
+def test_resolve_timezone_wins_over_alias():
     """Explicit timezone takes precedence; timezone_id is still popped."""
     kwargs = {"timezone_id": "Europe/Paris"}
-    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-        warnings.simplefilter("always")
-        result = _migrate_timezone_id("UTC", kwargs)
+    result = _resolve_timezone("UTC", kwargs)
     assert result == "UTC"
     assert "timezone_id" not in kwargs
-    assert len(w) == 1
 
 
-def test_migrate_no_old_param():
-    """No warning when timezone_id is absent."""
+def test_resolve_no_alias():
+    """No-op when timezone_id is absent."""
     kwargs = {"other": "value"}
-    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-        warnings.simplefilter("always")
-        result = _migrate_timezone_id("UTC", kwargs)
+    result = _resolve_timezone("UTC", kwargs)
     assert result == "UTC"
     assert "other" in kwargs
-    assert len(w) == 0
 
 
-def test_migrate_both_none():
-    """Neither param set — returns None, no warning."""
+def test_resolve_both_none():
+    """Neither param set — returns None."""
     kwargs = {}
-    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-        warnings.simplefilter("always")
-        result = _migrate_timezone_id(None, kwargs)
+    result = _resolve_timezone(None, kwargs)
     assert result is None
-    assert len(w) == 0
 
 
 # --- Deduplication tests ---
@@ -126,15 +117,18 @@ def test_timezone_param_overrides_user_arg():
 
 
 def test_locale_param_overrides_user_arg():
-    """Dedicated locale param should override user --lang arg."""
+    """Dedicated locale param should override user --lang and --fingerprint-locale args."""
     args = _build_args(
         stealth_args=True,
-        extra_args=["--lang=de-DE"],
+        extra_args=["--lang=de-DE", "--fingerprint-locale=de-DE"],
         locale="en-US",
     )
     lang_args = [a for a in args if a.startswith("--lang=")]
     assert len(lang_args) == 1
     assert lang_args[0] == "--lang=en-US"
+    locale_args = [a for a in args if a.startswith("--fingerprint-locale=")]
+    assert len(locale_args) == 1
+    assert locale_args[0] == "--fingerprint-locale=en-US"
 
 
 def test_no_duplicate_flags():

tests/test_launch_context.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 """Unit tests for launch_context() — context kwargs, viewport defaults, close cleanup."""
 
-import warnings
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, call, patch
 
 import pytest
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ def test_user_agent(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.launch")
 def test_locale_forwarded(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
-    """locale flows to both launch() binary args AND new_context()."""
+    """locale flows to launch() for --lang binary flag, NOT to new_context() CDP."""
     browser, context = _make_mock_browser()
     mock_launch.return_value = browser
 
@@ -75,18 +74,18 @@ def test_locale_forwarded(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
 
     # Locale in launch() call (for --lang binary flag)
     assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["locale"] == "de-DE"
-    # Locale in new_context() call
+    # NOT in new_context() — would trigger detectable CDP emulation
     ctx_kwargs = browser.new_context.call_args
-    assert ctx_kwargs[1]["locale"] == "de-DE"
+    assert "locale" not in ctx_kwargs[1]
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.launch")
-def test_timezone_via_context_not_binary(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
-    """timezone passed to new_context(timezone_id=...) but NOT to launch(timezone=...).
+def test_timezone_via_binary_not_cdp(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
+    """timezone passed to launch() for binary flag, NOT to new_context() CDP.
 
-    This is intentional: the --fingerprint-timezone binary flag only applies to the
-    default context and would conflict with Playwright's timezone_id on new contexts.
+    --fingerprint-timezone is process-wide (reads CommandLine in renderer),
+    so it applies to ALL contexts, not just the default one.
     """
     browser, context = _make_mock_browser()
     mock_launch.return_value = browser
@@ -94,11 +93,11 @@ def test_timezone_via_context_not_binary(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
     from cloakbrowser.browser import launch_context
     launch_context(timezone="America/New_York")
 
-    # timezone=None in launch() — binary flag skipped
-    assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["timezone"] is None
-    # timezone_id in new_context()
+    # timezone in launch() — binary flag set
+    assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["timezone"] == "America/New_York"
+    # NOT in new_context() — no CDP emulation
     ctx_kwargs = browser.new_context.call_args
-    assert ctx_kwargs[1]["timezone_id"] == "America/New_York"
+    assert "timezone_id" not in ctx_kwargs[1]
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
@@ -119,40 +118,37 @@ def test_color_scheme(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.launch")
 def test_geoip_resolution(mock_launch, _mock_bin, _mock_geoip):
-    """geoip fills timezone+locale, both flow to correct places."""
+    """geoip fills timezone+locale, both flow to binary args only."""
     browser, context = _make_mock_browser()
     mock_launch.return_value = browser
 
     from cloakbrowser.browser import launch_context
     launch_context(proxy="http://proxy:8080", geoip=True)
 
-    # Locale goes to launch() for binary flag
+    # Both go to launch() for binary flags
     assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["locale"] == "de-DE"
-    # Timezone goes to context, not binary
-    assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["timezone"] is None
+    assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["timezone"] == "Europe/Berlin"
+    # Neither in context — no CDP emulation
     ctx_kwargs = browser.new_context.call_args
-    assert ctx_kwargs[1]["timezone_id"] == "Europe/Berlin"
-    assert ctx_kwargs[1]["locale"] == "de-DE"
+    assert "timezone_id" not in ctx_kwargs[1]
+    assert "locale" not in ctx_kwargs[1]
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.launch")
-def test_timezone_id_deprecation(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
-    """timezone_id kwarg triggers FutureWarning, value migrated to timezone."""
+def test_timezone_id_alias(mock_launch, _mock_bin):
+    """timezone_id kwarg accepted as alias for timezone."""
     browser, context = _make_mock_browser()
     mock_launch.return_value = browser
 
     from cloakbrowser.browser import launch_context
-    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-        warnings.simplefilter("always")
     launch_context(timezone_id="Europe/Paris")
 
-    assert len(w) == 1
-    assert issubclass(w[0].category, FutureWarning)
-    assert "timezone_id" in str(w[0].message)
-    # Migrated value flows to context
+    # Resolved value flows to launch() for binary flag
+    assert mock_launch.call_args[1]["timezone"] == "Europe/Paris"
+    # NOT in context — no CDP emulation
     ctx_kwargs = browser.new_context.call_args
-    assert ctx_kwargs[1]["timezone_id"] == "Europe/Paris"
+    assert "timezone_id" not in ctx_kwargs[1]
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")

tests/test_persistent_context.py

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 All tests mock playwright to avoid needing a binary.
 """
 
-import warnings
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@ def test_persistent_context_user_agent(_mock_geoip, _mock_bin):
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
 def test_persistent_context_locale_and_timezone(_mock_bin):
-    """Both timezone and locale flow to context kwargs and binary args."""
+    """Timezone and locale flow to binary args only, NOT to CDP context kwargs."""
     pw_cm, pw, context = _make_mock_pw_and_context()
 
     with patch("playwright.sync_api.sync_playwright", return_value=pw_cm):
@@ -95,12 +94,12 @@ def test_persistent_context_locale_and_timezone(_mock_bin):
         launch_persistent_context("/tmp/profile", timezone="Asia/Tokyo", locale="ja-JP")
 
     call_kwargs = pw.chromium.launch_persistent_context.call_args[1]
-    # Context kwargs
-    assert call_kwargs["timezone_id"] == "Asia/Tokyo"
-    assert call_kwargs["locale"] == "ja-JP"
-    # Binary args
+    # Binary args (native, undetectable)
     assert "--fingerprint-timezone=Asia/Tokyo" in call_kwargs["args"]
     assert "--lang=ja-JP" in call_kwargs["args"]
+    # NOT in context kwargs (would trigger detectable CDP emulation)
+    assert "timezone_id" not in call_kwargs
+    assert "locale" not in call_kwargs
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ def test_persistent_context_color_scheme(_mock_geoip, _mock_bin):
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser._maybe_resolve_geoip", return_value=("Europe/Berlin", "de-DE"))
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
 def test_persistent_context_geoip(_mock_bin, _mock_geoip):
-    """geoip fills missing tz/locale."""
+    """geoip fills missing tz/locale — flows to binary args, not CDP context."""
     pw_cm, pw, context = _make_mock_pw_and_context()
 
     with patch("playwright.sync_api.sync_playwright", return_value=pw_cm):
@@ -128,25 +127,26 @@ def test_persistent_context_geoip(_mock_bin, _mock_geoip):
         launch_persistent_context("/tmp/profile", proxy="http://proxy:8080", geoip=True)
 
     call_kwargs = pw.chromium.launch_persistent_context.call_args[1]
-    assert call_kwargs["timezone_id"] == "Europe/Berlin"
-    assert call_kwargs["locale"] == "de-DE"
+    # Binary args
+    assert "--fingerprint-timezone=Europe/Berlin" in call_kwargs["args"]
+    assert "--lang=de-DE" in call_kwargs["args"]
+    # NOT in context kwargs
+    assert "timezone_id" not in call_kwargs
+    assert "locale" not in call_kwargs
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
-def test_persistent_context_timezone_id_deprecation(_mock_bin):
-    """Old timezone_id kwarg migrated with warning."""
+def test_persistent_context_timezone_id_alias(_mock_bin):
+    """timezone_id kwarg accepted as alias for timezone."""
     pw_cm, pw, context = _make_mock_pw_and_context()
 
     with patch("playwright.sync_api.sync_playwright", return_value=pw_cm):
         from cloakbrowser.browser import launch_persistent_context
-        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter("always")
         launch_persistent_context("/tmp/profile", timezone_id="Europe/Paris")
 
-    assert len(w) == 1
-    assert issubclass(w[0].category, FutureWarning)
     call_kwargs = pw.chromium.launch_persistent_context.call_args[1]
-    assert call_kwargs["timezone_id"] == "Europe/Paris"
+    assert "--fingerprint-timezone=Europe/Paris" in call_kwargs["args"]
+    assert "timezone_id" not in call_kwargs
 
 
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
@@ -246,17 +246,14 @@ async def test_persistent_context_async_close_stops_pw(_mock_geoip, _mock_bin):
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 @patch("cloakbrowser.browser.ensure_binary", return_value="/fake/chrome")
-async def test_persistent_context_async_timezone_id_deprecation(_mock_bin):
-    """Deprecated timezone_id kwarg migrated with warning in async path."""
+async def test_persistent_context_async_timezone_id_alias(_mock_bin):
+    """timezone_id kwarg accepted as alias in async path."""
     pw_cm, pw, context = _make_mock_async_pw_and_context()
 
     with patch("playwright.async_api.async_playwright", return_value=pw_cm):
         from cloakbrowser.browser import launch_persistent_context_async
-        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
-            warnings.simplefilter("always")
         await launch_persistent_context_async("/tmp/profile", timezone_id="Europe/Paris")
 
-    assert len(w) == 1
-    assert issubclass(w[0].category, FutureWarning)
     call_kwargs = pw.chromium.launch_persistent_context.call_args[1]
-    assert call_kwargs["timezone_id"] == "Europe/Paris"
+    assert "--fingerprint-timezone=Europe/Paris" in call_kwargs["args"]
+    assert "timezone_id" not in call_kwargs

tests/test_proxy.py

@@ -98,3 +98,56 @@ class TestMaybeResolveGeoip:
         tz, locale = _maybe_resolve_geoip(True, "http://proxy:8080", "Europe/Berlin", None)
         assert tz == "Europe/Berlin"
         assert locale == "ja-JP"
+
+    @patch("cloakbrowser.geoip.resolve_proxy_geo", return_value=("America/New_York", "en-US"))
+    def test_geoip_normalizes_bare_proxy_with_creds(self, mock_geo):
+        # "user:pass@host:port" must be normalized to http:// before geoip lookup.
+        tz, locale = _maybe_resolve_geoip(True, "user:pass@proxy:8080", None, None)
+        mock_geo.assert_called_once_with("http://user:pass@proxy:8080")
+        assert tz == "America/New_York"
+        assert locale == "en-US"
+
+    @patch("cloakbrowser.geoip.resolve_proxy_geo", return_value=("America/New_York", "en-US"))
+    def test_geoip_normalizes_schemeless_proxy_no_creds(self, mock_geo):
+        # "host:port" (no @ and no scheme) must also be normalized.
+        tz, locale = _maybe_resolve_geoip(True, "proxy:8080", None, None)
+        mock_geo.assert_called_once_with("http://proxy:8080")
+        assert tz == "America/New_York"
+
+
+class TestBareProxyFormat:
+    """_parse_proxy_url must handle bare 'user:pass@host:port' strings (no scheme)."""
+
+    def test_bare_with_credentials(self):
+        r = _parse_proxy_url("user:pass@proxy:8080")
+        assert r["username"] == "user"
+        assert r["password"] == "pass"
+        assert r["server"] == "http://proxy:8080"
+
+    def test_bare_credentials_not_in_server(self):
+        r = _parse_proxy_url("user:pass@proxy1.example.com:5610")
+        assert "user" not in r["server"]
+        assert "pass" not in r["server"]
+
+    def test_bare_username_only(self):
+        r = _parse_proxy_url("user@proxy:8080")
+        assert r["username"] == "user"
+        assert "password" not in r
+        assert r["server"] == "http://proxy:8080"
+
+    def test_bare_no_port(self):
+        r = _parse_proxy_url("user:pass@proxy.example.com")
+        assert r["username"] == "user"
+        assert r["password"] == "pass"
+        assert r["server"] == "http://proxy.example.com"
+
+    def test_bare_no_credentials_passthrough(self):
+        # "host:port" without @ — no scheme, no creds — pass through unchanged
+        r = _parse_proxy_url("proxy:8080")
+        assert r == {"server": "proxy:8080"}
+
+    def test_build_proxy_kwargs_bare(self):
+        r = _build_proxy_kwargs("user:pass@proxy:8080")
+        assert r["proxy"]["username"] == "user"
+        assert r["proxy"]["password"] == "pass"
+        assert "user" not in r["proxy"]["server"]