# Installation: Zonemaster-Backend

## Table of contents

* [1. Overview](#1-overview)
* [2. Prerequisites][prerequisites section]
* [3. Installation on Rocky Linux](#3-installation-on-rocky-linux)
  * [3.1 Install Zonemaster::Backend and related dependencies (Rocky Linux)](#31-install-zonemasterbackend-and-related-dependencies-rocky-linux)
  * [3.2 Database engine installation (Rocky Linux)](#32-database-engine-installation-rocky-linux)
  * [3.3 Database configuration (Rocky Linux)](#33-database-configuration-rocky-linux)
  * [3.4 Service configuration and startup (Rocky Linux)](#34-service-configuration-and-startup-rocky-linux)
  * [3.5 Post-installation (Rocky Linux)](#35-post-installation-rocky-linux)
* [4. Installation on Debian and Ubuntu](#4-installation-on-debian-and-ubuntu)
  * [4.1 Install Zonemaster::Backend and related dependencies (Debian/Ubuntu)](#41-install-zonemasterbackend-and-related-dependencies-debianubuntu)
  * [4.2 Database engine installation (Debian/Ubuntu)](#42-database-engine-installation-debianubuntu)
  * [4.3 Database configuration (Debian/Ubuntu)](#43-database-configuration-debianubuntu)
  * [4.4 Service configuration and startup (Debian/Ubuntu)](#44-service-configuration-and-startup-debianubuntu)
  * [4.5 Post-installation (Debian/Ubuntu)](#45-post-installation-debianubuntu)
* [5. Installation on FreeBSD](#5-installation-on-freebsd)
  * [5.1 Install Zonemaster::Backend and related dependencies (FreeBSD)](#51-install-zonemasterbackend-and-related-dependencies-freebsd)
  * [5.2 Database engine installation (FreeBSD)](#52-database-engine-installation-freebsd)
  * [5.3 Database configuration (FreeBSD)](#53-database-configuration-freebsd)
  * [5.4 Service startup (FreeBSD)](#54-service-startup-freebsd)
  * [5.5 Post-installation (FreeBSD)](#55-post-installation-freebsd)
* [6. Post-installation][Post-installation]
  * [6.1 Smoke test](#61-smoke-test)
  * [6.2 Troubleshooting installation](#62-troubleshooting-installation)
  * [6.3 What to do next?](#63-what-to-do-next)
* [7. Installation with MariaDB](#7-installation-with-mariadb)
  * [7.1 MariaDB (Rocky Linux)][MariaDB instructions Rocky Linux]
  * [7.2. MariaDB (Debian/Ubuntu)][MariaDB instructions Debian]
  * [7.3. MySQL (FreeBSD)][MySQL instructions FreeBSD]
* [8. Installation with PostgreSQL](#8-installation-with-postgresql)
  * [8.1. PostgreSQL (Rocky Linux)][PostgreSQL instructions Rocky Linux]
  * [8.2. PostgreSQL (Debian/Ubuntu)][PostgreSQL instructions Debian]
  * [8.3. PostgreSQL (FreeBSD)][PostgreSQL instructions FreeBSD]
* [9. Cleaning up the database][Removing database]
  * [9.1. MariaDB and MySQL](#91-mariadb-and-mysql)
  * [9.2. PostgreSQL](#92-postgresql)
  * [9.3. SQLite](#93-sqlite)
* [10. Optional features](#10-optional-features)
  * [10.1. Metrics](#101-metrics)
  * [10.2 Global cache](#102-global-cache)


## 1. Overview

This document contains all steps needed to install Zonemaster::Backend. For an overview of the
Zonemaster product, please see the [main Zonemaster Repository].

If you upgrade your Zonemaster installation with a newer version of
Zonemaster::Backend instead, and want to keep the database, then see the
[Upgrade document]. Otherwise [remove the database][Removing database] and
continue with this installation document.

An alternative to installing Zonemaster-Backend is to run it under [Docker]. See [Using the Backend] for run it under Docker.

## 2. Prerequisites

Before installing Zonemaster::Backend, you should [install Zonemaster::Engine
][Zonemaster::Engine installation].

> **Note:** [Zonemaster::Engine] and [Zonemaster::LDNS] are dependencies of
> Zonemaster::Backend. Zonemaster::LDNS has a special installation requirement,
> and Zonemaster::Engine has a list of dependencies that you may prefer to
> install from your operating system distribution (rather than CPAN).
> We recommend following the Zonemaster::Engine installation instruction.

Prerequisite for FreeBSD is that the package system is updated and activated
(see the FreeBSD section of [Zonemaster::Engine installation]).

For details on supported versions of Perl, database engine and operating system
for Zonemaster::Backend, see the [declaration of prerequisites].


## 3. Installation on Rocky Linux

### 3.1 Install Zonemaster::Backend and related dependencies (Rocky Linux)

> **Note:** Zonemaster::LDNS and Zonemaster::Engine are not listed here as they
> are dealt with in the [prerequisites section].

Install dependencies available from binary packages:

```sh
sudo dnf install --assumeyes jq perl-Class-Method-Modifiers perl-Config-IniFiles perl-DBD-SQLite perl-DBI perl-File-ShareDir perl-File-Slurp perl-HTML-Parser perl-JSON-PP perl-libwww-perl perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Mojolicious perl-Moose perl-Net-Server perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Plack perl-Plack-Test perl-Role-Tiny perl-Test-Differences perl-Test-Exception perl-Test-Mojo perl-Test-NoWarnings perl-Try-Tiny perl-libintl perl-LWP-Protocol-https
```

Install dependencies not available from binary packages:

```sh
sudo cpanm --notest Daemon::Control JSON::RPC JSON::Validator Log::Any Log::Any::Adapter::Dispatch Net::IP::XS Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy Router::Simple Starman
```

For Rocky Linux 8 only, install DBD::SQLite from CPAN as the one in the system packages repository is too old:

```sh
sudo cpanm --notest DBD::SQLite
```

Install Zonemaster::Backend:

```sh
sudo cpanm --notest Zonemaster::Backend
```

Add Zonemaster user (unless it already exists):

```sh
sudo useradd --system --home-dir=/nonexistent --shell=/usr/sbin/nologin --comment="Zonemaster daemon user" zonemaster
```

Install files to their proper locations:

```sh
cd `perl -MFile::ShareDir=dist_dir -E 'say dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`
sudo install -v -m 755 -d /etc/zonemaster
sudo install -v -m 640 -g zonemaster ./backend_config.ini /etc/zonemaster/
sudo install -v -m 775 -g zonemaster -d /var/log/zonemaster
sudo install -v -m 644 ./tmpfiles.conf /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zonemaster.conf
sudo install -v -m 644 -Z ./zm-rpcapi.service /etc/systemd/system/
sudo install -v -m 644 -Z ./zm-testagent.service /etc/systemd/system/
```

### 3.2 Database engine installation (Rocky Linux)

Check the [declaration of prerequisites] to make sure your preferred combination
of operating system version and database engine version is supported.

The installation instructions below assumes that this is a new installation.


#### 3.2.1 Instructions for SQLite (Rocky Linux)

> **Note:** Zonemaster with SQLite is not meant for an installation with heavy
> load.

Create database directory:

```sh
sudo install -v -m 755 -o zonemaster -g zonemaster -d /var/lib/zonemaster
```

> Some parameters can be changed, see the [backend configuration] documentation
> for details.


#### 3.2.2 Instructions for other engines (Rocky Linux)

See sections for [MariaDB][MariaDB instructions Rocky Linux] and
[PostgreSQL][PostgreSQL instructions Rocky Linux].


### 3.3 Database configuration (Rocky Linux)

Create the database tables:

```sh
(cd / && sudo --user=zonemaster $(perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")')/create_db.pl)
```


### 3.4 Service configuration and startup (Rocky Linux)

Make sure our tmpfiles configuration takes effect:

```sh
sudo systemd-tmpfiles --create /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zonemaster.conf
```

Enable services at boot time and start them:

```sh
sudo systemctl enable zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl enable zm-testagent
sudo systemctl start zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl start zm-testagent
```

If you have changed database daemon, restart the services:

```sh
sudo systemctl restart zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl restart zm-testagent
```

### 3.5 Post-installation (Rocky Linux)

To check if the daemons are running, do:

```sh
sudo systemctl status --no-pager zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl status --no-pager zm-testagent
```

See the [post-installation] section for post-installation matters.


## 4. Installation on Debian and Ubuntu

### 4.1 Install Zonemaster::Backend and related dependencies (Debian/Ubuntu)

> **Note:** Zonemaster::LDNS and Zonemaster::Engine are not listed here as they
> are dealt with in the [prerequisites section].

Install required locales:

```sh
sudo perl -pi -e 's/^# (da_DK\.UTF-8.*|en_US\.UTF-8.*|es_ES\.UTF-8.*|fi_FI\.UTF-8.*|fr_FR\.UTF-8.*|nb_NO\.UTF-8.*|sl_SI\.UTF-8.*|sv_SE\.UTF-8.*)/$1/' /etc/locale.gen
sudo locale-gen
```

After the update, `locale -a` should at least list the following locales:
```
da_DK.utf8
en_US.utf8
es_ES.utf8
fi_FI.utf8
fr_FR.utf8
nb_NO.utf8
sl_SI.utf8
sv_SE.utf8
```

Install dependencies available from binary packages:

```sh
sudo apt install jq libclass-method-modifiers-perl libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbd-sqlite3-perl libdaemon-control-perl libdbi-perl libfile-sharedir-perl libfile-slurp-perl libhtml-parser-perl libmojolicious-perl libio-stringy-perl libjson-pp-perl libjson-rpc-perl libjson-validator-perl liblog-any-adapter-dispatch-perl liblog-any-perl liblog-dispatch-perl libmoose-perl libparallel-forkmanager-perl libplack-perl libplack-middleware-debug-perl libplack-middleware-reverseproxy-perl librole-tiny-perl librouter-simple-perl libtest-nowarnings-perl libtest-differences-perl libtest-exception-perl libtry-tiny-perl libintl-perl perl-doc starman
```
> **Note**: libio-stringy-perl is listed here even though it's not a direct
> dependency. It's an undeclared dependency of libconfig-inifiles-perl.

For Ubuntu 20.04 only, install JSON::Validator from CPAN as the one in the system packages repository is too old:

```sh
sudo cpanm --notest JSON::Validator
```

Install Zonemaster::Backend:

```sh
sudo cpanm --notest Zonemaster::Backend
```

Add Zonemaster user (unless it already exists):

```sh
sudo useradd -r -c "Zonemaster daemon user" zonemaster
```

Install files to their proper locations:

```sh
cd `perl -MFile::ShareDir=dist_dir -E 'say dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`
sudo install -v -m 755 -d /etc/zonemaster
sudo install -v -m 775 -g zonemaster -d /var/log/zonemaster
sudo install -v -m 640 -g zonemaster ./backend_config.ini /etc/zonemaster/
sudo install -v -m 755 ./zm-rpcapi.lsb /etc/init.d/zm-rpcapi
sudo install -v -m 755 ./zm-testagent.lsb /etc/init.d/zm-testagent
sudo install -v -m 644 ./tmpfiles.conf /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zonemaster.conf
```

> If this is an update of Zonemaster-Backend, you should remove any
> `/etc/init.d/zm-backend.sh` (script from previous version of Zonemaster-Backend).


### 4.2 Database engine installation (Debian/Ubuntu)

Check the [declaration of prerequisites] to make sure your preferred combination
of operating system version and database engine version is supported.

The installation instructions below assumes that this is a new installation.


#### 4.2.1 Instructions for SQLite (Debian/Ubuntu)

> **Note:** Zonemaster with SQLite is not meant for an installation with heavy
> load.

Create database directory:

```sh
sudo install -v -m 755 -o zonemaster -g zonemaster -d /var/lib/zonemaster
```

> Some parameters can be changed, see the [backend configuration] documentation
> for details.


#### 4.2.2 Instructions for other engines (Debian/Ubuntu)

See sections for [MariaDB][MariaDB instructions Debian] and
[PostgreSQL][PostgreSQL instructions Debian].


### 4.3 Database configuration (Debian/Ubuntu)

Create the database tables:

```sh
sudo -u zonemaster $(perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")')/create_db.pl
```


### 4.4 Service configuration and startup (Debian/Ubuntu)

Make sure our tmpfiles configuration takes effect:

```sh
sudo systemd-tmpfiles --create /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/zonemaster.conf
```

Enable services at boot time and start them:

```sh
sudo systemctl enable zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl enable zm-testagent
sudo systemctl start zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl start zm-testagent
```

If you have changed database daemon, restart the services:

```sh
sudo systemctl restart zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl restart zm-testagent
```

### 4.5 Post-installation (Debian/Ubuntu)

To check if the daemons are running, do:

```sh
sudo systemctl status zm-rpcapi
sudo systemctl status zm-testagent
```

See the [post-installation] section for post-installation matters.


## 5. Installation on FreeBSD

For all commands below, acquire privileges, i.e. become root:

```sh
su -l
```

### 5.1 Install Zonemaster::Backend and related dependencies (FreeBSD)

> **Note:** Zonemaster::LDNS and Zonemaster::Engine are not listed here as they
> are dealt with in the [prerequisites section].

Install dependencies available from binary packages:

```sh
pkg install jq p5-Class-Method-Modifiers p5-Config-IniFiles p5-Daemon-Control p5-DBI p5-File-ShareDir p5-File-Slurp p5-HTML-Parser p5-JSON-PP p5-JSON-RPC p5-Mojolicious p5-Moose p5-Parallel-ForkManager p5-Plack p5-Plack-Middleware-ReverseProxy p5-Role-Tiny p5-Router-Simple p5-Starman p5-DBD-SQLite p5-Log-Dispatch p5-Log-Any p5-Log-Any-Adapter-Dispatch p5-JSON-Validator p5-YAML-LibYAML p5-Test-NoWarnings p5-Test-Differences p5-Test-Exception p5-Locale-libintl gmake
```
<!-- JSON::Validator requires YAML::PP, but p5-JSON-Validator currently lacks a dependency on p5-YAML-LibYAML -->

Install Zonemaster::Backend:

```sh
cpanm --notest Zonemaster::Backend
```

Unless they already exist, add `zonemaster` user and `zonemaster` group:

```sh
cd `perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`
pw useradd zonemaster -C freebsd-pwd.conf -s /sbin/nologin -d /nonexistent -c "Zonemaster daemon user"
```

Install files to their proper locations:

```sh
cd `perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`
install -v -m 755 -d /usr/local/etc/zonemaster
install -v -m 640 -g zonemaster ./backend_config.ini /usr/local/etc/zonemaster/
install -v -m 775 -g zonemaster -d /var/log/zonemaster
install -v -m 775 -g zonemaster -d /var/run/zonemaster
install -v -m 755 ./zm_rpcapi-bsd /usr/local/etc/rc.d/zm_rpcapi
install -v -m 755 ./zm_testagent-bsd /usr/local/etc/rc.d/zm_testagent
```

### 5.2 Database engine installation (FreeBSD)

Check the [declaration of prerequisites] to make sure your preferred combination
of operating system version and database engine version is supported.

The installation instructions below assumes that this is a new installation.

#### 5.2.1 Instructions for SQLite (FreeBSD)

> **Note:** Zonemaster with SQLite is not meant for an installation with heavy
> load.

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database path:

```sh
sed -i '' '/[[:<:]]database_file[[:>:]]/ s:=.*:= /var/db/zonemaster/db.sqlite:' /usr/local/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```

Create database directory:

```sh
install -v -m 755 -o zonemaster -g zonemaster -d /var/db/zonemaster
```

> Some parameters can be changed, see the [backend configuration] documentation
> for details.

#### 5.2.2 Instructions for other engines (FreeBSD)

See sections for [MySQL][MySQL instructions FreeBSD] and
[PostgreSQL][PostgreSQL instructions FreeBSD].


### 5.3 Database configuration (FreeBSD)

Create the database tables:

```sh
su -m zonemaster -c "`perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir(qw(Zonemaster-Backend))'`/create_db.pl"
```


### 5.4 Service startup (FreeBSD)

Enable services at startup and start service:

```sh
sysrc zm_rpcapi_enable="YES"
sysrc zm_testagent_enable="YES"
service zm_rpcapi start
service zm_testagent start
```

If you have changed database daemon, restart the services:

```sh
service zm_rpcapi restart
service zm_testagent restart
```

### 5.5 Post-installation (FreeBSD)

To check that the running daemons run:

```sh
service zm_rpcapi status
service zm_testagent status
```

See the [post-installation] section for post-installation matters.


## 6. Post-installation

### 6.1 Smoke test

If you have followed the installation instructions for Zonemaster::Backend above,
you should be able to use the API on localhost port 5000 as below.

```sh
zmtest zonemaster.net
```

The command is expected to immediately print out a testid,
followed by a percentage ticking up from 0% to 100%.
Once the number reaches 100% a JSON object is printed and zmtest terminates.

### 6.2 Troubleshooting installation

If you have any issue with installation, and installed with `cpanm`, redo the
installation above but without the `--notest` and with the `--verbose` option.
Installation will take longer time.

### 6.3. What to do next?

* For the Zonemaster-Backend functions see the following documents:
  * [Using Zonemaster-Backend JSON-RPC API]
  * Backend [JSON-RPC API] documentation
  * [Using Zonemaster-Backend for batch testing]
  * [Backend configuration]
  * Zonemaster [Profiles]
  * [Backend Environment variables]
* For a web interface, follow the [Zonemaster::GUI installation] instructions.
* For a command line interface, follow the [Zonemaster::CLI installation] instruction.

## 7. Installation with MariaDB

First follow the installation instructions for the OS in question, and then go
to this section to install MariaDB.

### 7.1. MariaDB (Rocky Linux)

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database engine:

```sh
sudo sed -i '/\bengine\b/ s/=.*/= MySQL/' /etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```

> **Note:** See the [backend configuration] documentation for details.

Install database engine:

```sh
sudo dnf -y install mariadb-server perl-DBD-mysql
```

To create the database and the database user (unless you keep an old database).
Edit the commands first if you want a non-default database name, user name or
password. To be safe, run the commands one by one.

```sh
sudo systemctl start mariadb
sudo mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE zonemaster;"
sudo mysql -e "CREATE USER 'zonemaster'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'zonemaster';"
sudo mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON zonemaster.* TO 'zonemaster'@'localhost';"
```

Update the `/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini` file with database name,
username and password if non-default values are used.

Now go back to "[Database configuration](#33-database-configuration-rocky-linux)"
to create the database tables and then continue with the steps after that.


### 7.2. MariaDB (Debian/Ubuntu)

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database engine:

```sh
sudo sed -i '/\bengine\b/ s/=.*/= MySQL/' /etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```

> **Note:** See the [backend configuration] documentation for details.

Install the database engine and its dependencies:

```sh
sudo apt install mariadb-server libdbd-mysql-perl
```

To create the database and the database user (unless you keep an old database).
Edit the commands first if you want a non-default database name, user name or
password. To be safe, run the commands one by one.

```sh
sudo mysql -e "CREATE DATABASE zonemaster;"
```
```sh
sudo mysql -e "CREATE USER 'zonemaster'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'zonemaster';"
```
```sh
sudo mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON zonemaster.* TO 'zonemaster'@'localhost';"
```

Update the `/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini` file with database name, username
and password if non-default values are used.

Now go back to "[Database configuration](#43-database-configuration-debianubuntu)"
to create the database tables and then continue with the steps after that.


### 7.3. MySQL (FreeBSD)

> MariaDB is not compatible with Zonemaster on FreeBSD. MySQL is used instead.

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database engine:

```sh
sed -i '' '/[[:<:]]engine[[:>:]]/ s/=.*/= MySQL/' /usr/local/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```
> **Note:** See the [backend configuration] documentation for details.

Install, configure and start database engine (and Perl bindings):

```sh
pkg install mysql80-server p5-DBD-mysql
```

```sh
sysrc mysql_enable="YES"
service mysql-server start
```

By default the MySQL root password is empty. Just press ENTER if prompted for 
password. The advice is to set a password.

To create the database and the database user (unless you keep an old database).
Edit the command first if you want a non-default database name, user name or
password. Run the command on one line. Use the MySQL root password when
prompted.

```sh
mysql -u root -p -e "CREATE DATABASE zonemaster;" -e "CREATE USER 'zonemaster'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'zonemaster';" -e "GRANT ALL ON zonemaster.* TO 'zonemaster'@'localhost';"
```

Update the `/usr/local/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini` file with database
name, username and password if non-default values are used.

Now go back to "[Database configuration](#53-database-configuration-freebsd)"
to create the database tables and then continue with the steps after that.


## 8. Installation with PostgreSQL

First follow the installation instructions for the OS in question, and then go
to this section to install PostgreSQL.

### 8.1. PostgreSQL (Rocky Linux)

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database engine:

```sh
sudo sed -i '/\bengine\b/ s/=.*/= PostgreSQL/' /etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```

> **Note:** See the [backend configuration] documentation for details.

Install, initialize and configure database engine:

```sh
sudo dnf -y install postgresql-server perl-DBD-Pg
sudo postgresql-setup --initdb --unit postgresql
sudo sed -i '/^[^#]/ s/ident$/md5/' /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf
```

To create the database and the database user (unless you keep an old database).
Edit the command first if you want a non-default database name, user name or
password. To be safe run the commands one by one.

```sh
sudo systemctl start postgresql
sudo --login --user=postgres psql -c "CREATE USER zonemaster WITH PASSWORD 'zonemaster';"
sudo --login --user=postgres psql -c "CREATE DATABASE zonemaster WITH OWNER 'zonemaster' ENCODING 'UTF8';"
```

> **Note:** You may get error messages from these commands about lack of
> permission to change directory. You can safely ignore those messages.

Update the `/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini` file with database name, username
and password if non-default values are used.

Now go back to "[Database configuration](#33-database-configuration-rocky-linux)"
to create the database tables and then continue with the steps after that.


### 8.2. PostgreSQL (Debian/Ubuntu)

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database engine:

```sh
sudo sed -i '/\bengine\b/ s/=.*/= PostgreSQL/' /etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```

Install the database engine and Perl bindings:

```sh
sudo apt install postgresql libdbd-pg-perl
```

> **Note:** See the [backend configuration] documentation for details.

To create the database and the database user (unless you keep an old database).
Edit the command first if you want a non-default database name, user name or
password. To be safe run the commands one by one.

```sh
sudo -u postgres psql -c "CREATE USER zonemaster WITH PASSWORD 'zonemaster';"

```
```sh
sudo -u postgres psql -c "CREATE DATABASE zonemaster WITH OWNER 'zonemaster' ENCODING 'UTF8';"

```

Update the `/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini` file with database name, username
and password if non-default values are used.

Now go back to "[Database configuration](#43-database-configuration-debianubuntu)"
to create the database tables and then continue with the steps after that.


### 8.3. PostgreSQL (FreeBSD)

Configure Zonemaster::Backend to use the correct database engine:

```sh
sed -i '' '/[[:<:]]engine[[:>:]]/ s/=.*/= PostgreSQL/' /usr/local/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini
```
> **Note:** See the [backend configuration] documentation for details.

Install, configure and start database engine and Perl bindings:

```sh
pkg install p5-DBD-Pg
```

The Perl bindings library (`p5-DBD-Pg`) has a dependency to a specific version
of `postgresql-client`. Determine what version was installed:

```sh
pkg info | grep postgresql | grep client
```
Replace `XX` in the command below to install `postgresql-server` with the same
major version as the installed `postgresql-client`, e.g. `17`.

```sh
pkg install postgresqlXX-server
```

Enable daemon, initiate and start:

```sh
sysrc postgresql_enable="YES"
service postgresql initdb
service postgresql start
```

To create the database and the database user (unless you keep an old database).
Edit the commands first if you want a non-default database name, user name or
password.

```sh
psql -U postgres -c "CREATE USER zonemaster WITH PASSWORD 'zonemaster';"
psql -U postgres -c "CREATE DATABASE zonemaster WITH OWNER 'zonemaster' ENCODING 'UTF8';"
```

Update the `/usr/local/etc/zonemaster/backend_config.ini` file with database
name, username and password if non-default values are used.

Now go back to "[Database configuration](#53-database-configuration-freebsd)"
to create the database tables and then continue with the steps after that.


## 9. Cleaning up the database

If, at some point, you want to delete all traces of Zonemaster in the database,
you can run the file `cleanup-mysql.sql` or file `cleanup-postgres.sql`
as a database administrator. Commands
for locating and running the file are below. It removes the user and drops the
database (obviously taking all data with it).

> Each script uses default values, you may need to adapt them to your setup.

### 9.1. MariaDB and MySQL

Rocky Linux, Debian and Ubuntu:

```sh
sudo mysql --user=root < `perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`/cleanup-mysql.sql
```

FreeBSD (you will get prompted for MySQL password):

```sh
mysql --user=root -p < `perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`/cleanup-mysql.sql
```

### 9.2. PostgreSQL

Rocky Linux, Debian and Ubuntu:

```sh
sudo -u postgres psql -f $(perl -MFile::ShareDir=dist_dir -E 'say dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")')/cleanup-postgres.sql
```

FreeBSD (as root):

```sh
psql -U postgres -f `perl -MFile::ShareDir -le 'print File::ShareDir::dist_dir("Zonemaster-Backend")'`/cleanup-postgres.sql
```

### 9.3. SQLite

Remove the database file and recreate it following the installation instructions above.

## 10. Optional features

### 10.1 Metrics

Statsd metrics are available, to enable the feature install the additional
`Net::Statsd` module. See the [configuration][Backend configuration] to
configure the receiver.

The list of metrics is available in the [Telemetry document][metrics].

### 10.1.1 Installation on Rocky Linux

```sh
sudo cpanm --notest Net::Statsd
```

### 10.1.2 Installation on Debian / Ubuntu


```sh
sudo apt install libnet-statsd-perl
```

### 10.1.3 Installation on Freebsd

```sh
cpanm --notest Net::Statsd
```

### 10.2 Global cache

If Zonemaster-Backend is to be used for large batches, global cache can improve
performance. See [Global cache in Zonemaster-Engine].


[Backend Environment variables]:                ../configuration/backend-environment-variables.md
[Backend configuration]:                        ../configuration/backend.md
[Declaration of prerequisites]:                 prerequisites.md
[Global cache in Zonemaster-Engine]:            ../configuration/global-cache.md
[JSON-RPC API]:                                 ../using/backend/rpcapi-reference.md
[Main Zonemaster repository]:                   https://github.com/zonemaster/zonemaster/blob/master/README.md
[MariaDB instructions Debian]:                  #72-mariadb-debianubuntu
[MariaDB instructions Rocky Linux]:             #71-mariadb-rocky-linux
[Metrics]:                                      ../using/backend/telemetry.md#metrics
[MySQL instructions FreeBSD]:                   #73-mysql-freebsd
[Post-installation]:                            #6-post-installation
[PostgreSQL instructions Debian]:               #82-postgresql-debianubuntu
[PostgreSQL instructions FreeBSD]:              #83-postgresql-freebsd
[PostgreSQL instructions Rocky Linux]:          #81-postgresql-rocky-linux
[Prerequisites section]:                        #2-prerequisites
[Profiles]:                                     ../configuration/profiles.md
[Removing database]:                            #9-cleaning-up-the-database
[Upgrade document]:                             ../upgrading/backend.md
[Using Zonemaster-Backend for batch testing]:   ../using/backend/Using-Zonemaster-Backend-for-batch-testing.md
[Using Zonemaster-Backend JSON-RPC API]:        ../using/backend/Using-Zonemaster-Backend-JSON-RPC-API.md
[Zonemaster::CLI installation]:                 zonemaster-cli.md
[Zonemaster::Engine installation]:              zonemaster-engine.md
[Zonemaster::Engine]:                           https://github.com/zonemaster/zonemaster-engine/blob/master/README.md
[Zonemaster::GUI installation]:                 zonemaster-gui.md
[Zonemaster::LDNS]:                             https://github.com/zonemaster/zonemaster-ldns/blob/master/README.md
[Docker]:                                       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docker_(software)
[Using the Backend]:                            ../using/backend/